酶联免疫法和金标法对HIV抗体的检测结果比较

Comparison of Detection Results of Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and Gold Labeling Method for HIV Antibodies

目的 探讨酶联免疫法和金标法对HIV抗体的检测结果,明确针对艾滋病更为有效的临床筛查手段。方法选取264例疑似艾滋病患者,采集入组患者静脉血并进行酶联免疫法与金标法检测HIV抗体。以临床诊断结果为准,比较酶联免疫法和金标法与临床检查结果的一致性;比较酶联免疫法和金标法对艾滋病的诊断效能。结果 264例疑似艾滋病患者中,经临床筛查试验和确证试验确诊225例。κ检验分析结果显示,酶联免疫法检查结果与临床诊断结果具有高度一致性(κ=0.897, P <0.05);金标法检查结果与临床诊断结果具有高度一致性(κ=0.902, P <0.05)。酶联免疫法与金标法诊断艾滋病的灵敏度、特异性与准确率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 酶联免疫法和金标法对HIV抗体均具有较好的检出效果,可为艾滋病临床诊断提供较为准确的数据参考,临床检测中可根据患者自身情况选择相应的检测方法,必要时还可进行联合检测。

Objective To explore the detection results of HIV antibody by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and gold labeling method,and to identify more effective clinical screening methods for AIDS.Methods 264 suspected AIDS patients were selected and taken blood after admission to detect HIV antibody by ELISA and gold labeling method.The consistency between ELISA and gold labeling method with clinical examination results based on clinical diagnosis results were compared.The diagnostic efficacy of ELISA and gold labeling method for AIDS were compared.Results 225 of 264 suspected AIDS patients were definitely diagnosed by clinical screening test and confirmatory test.κtest analysis showed that ELISA results had high consistency with clinical diagnosis(κ=0.897,P<0.05);Gold labeling method results had high consistency with the clinical diagnosis(κ=0.902,P<0.05).No statistical difference was found in the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy between ELISA and gold labeling method in the diagnosis of AIDS(P>0.05).Conclusions ELISA and gold labeling method have better detection effect on HIV antibody,which can provide more accurate data reference for clinical diagnosis of AIDS.In clinical detection,corresponding detection methods can be selected according to the patients'own conditions,and joint detection can be carried out when necessary.