中国乡村的裂变与思考——基于《秦腔》的乡土中国书写

The Fission and Thinking of Rural China--Based on the Writing of Local-color China in The Shaanxi Opera

贾平凹的《秦腔》以其细致绵密而又宽广宏阔的乡村视野,以秦腔这一西北地区的传统文艺为线索,透视了当代中国农村在市场经济及现代文明的冲击下,传统的一切都在发生着裂变,在这一系列变化的背后是值得我们深思的:中国转型期,乡村将如何发展,是从此没落下去,还是在经历着凤凰涅槃之后即将重生。通过《秦腔》对中国乡村社会现实的反映,从传统伦理道德、乡村文化、农民与土地关系及农民结构四方面深入分析世纪之交乡村的变化,通过文学的视角去审视乡村的变革,反映当代社会发展的现实,引起人们对社会变革的思考。

With its detailed and extensive rural vision,and the traditional art of Qinqiang Opera in Northwest China as the clue,Jia Pingwa′s The Shaanxi Opera reveals the impact of market economy and modern civilization on contemporary Chinese rural areas.Everything traditional is undergoing fission.Behind this series of changes is worth pondering:how will China′s rural areas develop in the transition period?Will they decline from now on,or will they be reborn after experiencing the phoenix nirvana?Through the reflection of the reality of Chinese rural society in The Shaanxi Opera,the change of the turn of the century is deeply analyzed from four aspects:traditional ethics,rural culture,farmers′relationship with land,and farmers′structure.The change of the countryside is examined from the perspective of literature,reflecting the reality of contemporary social development,and arousing people′s thinking about social change.