法益恢复理论视域下企业环境刑事合规的建构

Construction of Corporate Environmental Criminal Compliance From the Perspective of Legal Interest Restoration Theory

我国企业环境刑事合规治理中面临着自身属性较为复杂难以追诉、刑事治理在主体认定和后续治理存在困难和现有企业刑事合规制度存在立法与实践缺憾的司法难点。法益恢复理论侧重于事后修复,可以适用于环境犯罪治理,其因与企业刑事合规存在理念上的契合而可以进行结合适用。在未来环境犯罪刑事合规的模式构建中,应首先考虑法益恢复程度和其他因素,明确适用企业环境刑事合规的适用底线,同时推广涉及心理契约模型的多元共治理念作为建构思想,从企业内外部治理机制的角度,分别从人大、检察院、法院的不同主体和立法、公诉、审判的不同阶段出发,综合开展企业环境刑事合规的制度优化。

China’s enterprise environmental criminal compliance governance is faced with such judicial difficulties as its own attributes,more complex and difficult to prosecute,the criminal governance in the subject identification and follow-up management difficulties and the legislative and practical deficiencies in the existing enterprise criminal compliance system.The theory of legal interest restoration focuses on post-restoration and can be applied to environmental crime management.In the future model construction of criminal compliance for environmental crimes,the degree of legal benefit restoration and other factors should be considered firstly,and the bottom line of the application of corporate environmental criminal compliance should be clarified.Meanwhile,the multi dimensional co-governance concept involving the psychological contract model should be promoted as a construction idea.From the perspective of internal and external governance mechanisms of enterprises,the system optimization of corporate environmental criminal compliance should be comprehensively carried out respectively from different subjects of people's congresses,procuratorates and courts,as well as different stages of legislation,public prosecution and trial.