2020年春季江西省大气环境质量时空变化特征及其影响因素

Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Air Quality and Their Influencing Factors in Jiangxi Province During Spring in 2020

利用江西省6项主要大气污染物的逐时监测资料,通过反距离权重插值法和相关分析方法,探讨了2020年春季江西省空气质量的时空变化特征及其影响因素。研究结果表明:江西省11个地级市2020年春季空气质量较2019年同期均明显改善,其中大气污染物浓度普遍呈现出前期南高北低,随着时间的推移浓度高值区向北部转移的趋势;空气质量与地区生产总值和第二产业占GDP比重等社会经济因素显著相关,其中地区生产总值与O_(3)相关系数为0.700,第二产业占GDP比重与NO_(2)相关系数为0.691;空气质量还与平均气温、平均风速以及平均相对湿度等气象因素相关,其中平均气温与CO、PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)的相关系数分别为0.591、-0.506和-0.543,平均风速与O_(3)相关系数为0.540,平均相对湿度与SO_(2)相关系数为0.503。2020年春季江西省空气质量的改善不仅与停工停产等减排措施有关,还受气温、风速以及相对湿度等气象条件的影响。

By using inverse distance weighted interpolation method and correlation analysis method,the spatiotemporal characteristics and influencing factors of air quality in Jiangxi province were explored,based on the hourly monitoring data of six major air pollutants in Jiangxi province during spring in 2020.The results showed that the air quality in 11 prefecture-level cities in Jiangxi province during spring in 2020 was significantly improved compared with the same period in 2019.The concentration of air pollutants generally showed a trend of high in the south and low in the north in the early period,and the high concentration area shifted to the north with the passage of time.Air quality was significantly correlated with socio-economic factors such as gross regional product(GDP)and the proportion of secondary industry in GDP.The correlation coefficient between GDP and O_(3) was 0.700,and the correlation coefficient between the proportion of secondary industry in GDP and NO_(2) was 0.691.Air quality was also related to meteorological factors such as average temperature,average wind speed and average relative humidity.The correlation coefficients between average temperature and CO,PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) were 0.591,-0.506 and-0.543,respectively.The correlation coefficient between the average wind speed and O_(3) was 0.540,and the correlation coefficient between the average relative humidity and SO_(2) was 0.503.The improvement of air quality in Jiangxi province is not only related to emission reduction measures such as shutdown and production suspension,but also affected by meteorological conditions such as temperature,wind speed and relative humidity,during spring in 2020.