地铁车辆段冷却塔对住宅楼声环境影响试验

Impact Test of Cooling Tower in Metro Depot on Acoustic Environment of Residential Buildings

针对地铁车辆段冷却塔运行引起的临近住宅楼噪声扰民问题,采用室内噪声现场实测与噪声标准曲线分析的方法,对冷却塔噪声在车辆段上盖开发住宅楼内传播规律以及频率特性进行研究。结果表明:冷却塔噪声影响随楼层升高有增大的趋势,顶层冷却塔噪声贡献值高出与冷却塔高度相近的楼层1.8 dB(A);冷却塔噪声贡献值低楼层增长速度较快,11层以下平均每3层增长1.8 dB(A),11层以上平均每3层增长0.5 dB(A);冷却塔噪声以低频噪声为主,根据噪声标准曲线分析高频噪声对人主观感受的影响较大。

Aiming at the problem of disturbance to residents of nearby residential buildings caused by the cooling tower operation in the metro depot,the propagation law and frequency characteristics of indoor cooling tower noise were studied using the methods of field measurements and noise standard curve analysis.It was found that the noise levels tend to increase with the floor elevation.Noise contribution of cooling tower operation to the top floor is 1.8 dB(A)higher than that to the noise source floor.The influence of the cooling tower operation is raised more rapidly on lower floors,i.e.,the noise contribution of the cooling tower increases 1.8 dB(A)per three floors in-average below the 11th floor and 0.5 dB(A)per three floors above the 11th floor.The indoor noise caused by the cooling tower operation is dominated by low-frequency components,while high-frequency noise shows a greater impact on people′s subjective feelings according to the noise standard curve analysis.