基于无人机贴近摄影测量的露天采石场高陡岩质边坡岩体结构面信息自动识别

Automatic discontinuity identification of high steep rocky slopes in open pit quarries based on UAV nap-of-the-object photogrammetry

岩体结构面的识别与解译在露天采石场岩质边坡稳定性分析中具有重要意义,对于高陡岩质边坡而言,传统的勘察手段效率低且危险性高,无人机倾斜摄影测量生成的高陡岩质边坡三维实景建模精度低且自动解译困难。提出了一种基于无人机贴近摄影测量的高陡岩质边坡岩体结构面信息的精细化调查方案,并在武汉市东湖高新技术开发区长岭山露天采石场崩塌地质灾害调查中完成了实例应用,该方法使用大疆M300 RTK无人机搭载DJI P1相机完成倾斜摄影测量与贴近摄影测量工作,建立高精度的露天采石场高陡岩质边坡的实景三维模型和高密度三维点云,通过区域生长算法自动解译其岩体结构信息。结果表明:采用本文方法进行岩体结构面调查所提取到的信息准确度高、可视化效果好,且计算效率高,可为类似边坡实际地质灾害调查与防治提供依据。

The identification and interpretation of rock discontinuity is of great importance in the stability analysis of high steep rocky slopes in open pit quarries.For high steep rocky slopes,traditional survey methods are inefficient and dangerous,and the 3D realistic modelling of high steep rocky slopes generated by unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)oblique photogrammetry is of low accuracy and difficult to be automatically interpreted.In this study,we propose a solution for the high-resolution interpretation of rock structure information of high steep rocky slopes based on UAV nap-of-the-object photogrammetry,and select an example application in the investigation of geologic hazards of the open pit quarry collapse in Changling Mountain,Donghu Hi-Tech Development Zone,Wuhan City,China.By using the DJI M300 RTK equipped with the DJI P1 camera to complete oblique photogrammetry and nap-of-the-object photogrammetry work,the high-precision realistic 3D model and high-density 3D point cloud are used to automatically decode the structural information of high steep rocky slopes in open pit quarries through the region growing algorithm.The results show that the information extracted from the investigation of rock structure surface by the method of this paper is accurate,the visualization effect is good,and the computational efficiency is high,which can provide the basis for the investigation and prevention of similar slopes of actual geological hazards.