613例抗肿瘤药物的不良反应分析

Adverse drug reaction induced by antineoplastic drugs in a cancer hospital:an analysis of 613 cases

目的 分析抗肿瘤药物的药品不良反应(adverse drug reaction,ADR)的特征与规律,为日间化疗的安全用药提供参考。方法 收集202l年1月1日至2022年12月31日某院613例抗肿瘤药物ADR报告,并对数据进行统计和分析。结果 613例抗肿瘤药物ADR报告中60.03%发生在医院内,男性患者的ADR发生率多于女性,年龄分布以51~70岁为主(51.23%)。静脉滴注是引发ADR的主要给药途径(72.49%),严重ADR占14.68%,经停药或治疗未好转占4.24%。细胞毒类抗肿瘤药物的ADR占81.23%,其中以奥沙利铂最常见(18.65%)。ADR主要累及血液或造血系统(17.68%)。结论 应加强细胞毒类抗肿瘤药ADR的监测,关注特殊人群及重点药物。在日间化疗中心使用抗肿瘤药物时应评估ADR风险并制定相应治疗方案,确保患者用药安全。

Objective To analyze the characteristics and patterns of adverse drug reactions(ADR) induced by antineoplastic medications,and to provide reference for ensuring the safety of ambulatory chemotherapy.Methods A total of 613 reports about ADR caused by antineoplastic drugs between 2021 and 2022 in our hospital were collected and analyzed.Results Among the 613 cases of ADR,60.03% occurred inside the hospital.Male patients outnumbered female ones and most of the patients ranged from 51 to 70 in age(51.23%).ADR were caused by intravenous infusion in 72.49% of these cases,14.68% were severe ones,and 4.24% failed to improve after medication withdrawal or treatment.Cytotoxic anti-tumor medicines were responsible for 81.23% of these ADR,with oxaliplatin accounting for 18.65%.The blood or hematopoietic system was responsible for the largest number of ADR(17.68%).Conclusion ADR induced by cytotoxic anticancer drugs should be monitored,with particular attention to special populations and key drugs.When anticancer drugs are used in an ambulatory chemotherapy center,the risk of ADR should be assessed and corresponding treatment plans should be made to ensure the safety of patients.