2型糖尿病伴慢性牙周炎患者病原菌分布及耐药性分析

Analysis of Pathogen Distribution and Drug Resistance in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complicated with Chronic Periodontitis

目的:探讨2型糖尿病伴慢性牙周炎患者病原菌分布特点及耐药性。方法:选取本院2020年2月—2022年5月收治的112例慢性牙周炎患者作为单纯组,另选取同期112例2型糖尿病伴慢性牙周炎患者作为合并组,均采集患者龈下菌斑进行病原菌培养及药敏试验。结果:224例患者共检出289株厌氧菌,黑色素普雷沃菌、牙龈卟啉单胞菌构成比较高;合并组共检出152株病原菌,单纯组共检出137株病原菌,合并组产黑色素普雷沃菌、牙龈卟啉单胞菌、伴放线杆菌构成比均高于单纯组(P<0.05),中间普氏菌构成比低于单纯组(P<0.05);药敏结果显示,检出病原菌均对氯霉素、亚胺培南、阿莫西林、头孢西丁的敏感率较高,对青霉素、头孢美唑、甲硝唑、克林霉素有一定耐药性。结论:2型糖尿病伴慢性牙周炎患者以厌氧菌感染为主,产黑色素普雷沃菌、牙龈卟啉单胞菌是其中的优势菌,均对青霉素、头孢美唑、甲硝唑、克林霉素具有一定耐药性,但对氯霉素、亚胺培南、阿莫西林、头孢西丁敏感率较高。

Objective:To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic periodontitis.Methods:A total of 112 patients with chronic periodontitis admitted to our hospital from February 2020 to May 2022 were selected as the simple group,and 112 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic periodontitis were selected as the combined group.Subgingival plaque was collected for pathogen culture and drug sensitivity test.Results:total of 289strains of anaerobic bacteria were detected in 224 patients,and the composition of Prevotella melanoma and Porphyromonas gingivalis was relatively high.A total of 152 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected in the combined group and 137 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected in the simple group.The constituent ratios of Prevotella melaninogenica,Porphyromonas gingivalis and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in the combined group were higher than those in the simple group(P<0.05),and the constituent ratio of Prevotella intermedia was lower than that in the simple group(P<0.05).The results of drug sensitivity showed that the detected pathogens were highly sensitive to chloramphenicol,imipenem,amoxicillin and cefoxitin,and had certain resistance to penicillin,cefmetazole,metronidazole and clindamycin.Conclusion:Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic periodontitis are mainly infected by anaerobic bacteria.Prevotella melaninogenica and porphyromonas gingivalis are the dominant bacteria,they are all resistant to penicillin,cefmetazole,metronidazole and clindamycin,but sensitive to chloramphenicol,imipenem,amoxicillin and cefoxitin.