中国共产党理论创造的政治经济学

Political Economy in the communist Party of China's Theoretical Creation

人类实践和认识中存在主观主义和问题导向两种取向,主观主义根源于理论同实践相脱离、主观与客观相矛盾,问题导向则体现马克思主义基本原理与中国具体实际相结合。中国转型起始于落后农业国而非发达工业国,决定了中国的道路选择与理论创造只能以问题为导向。中国共产党理论创造的基本经验是直面国家和民族亟需解决的重大问题,以问题为导向、通过调查发现真问题、以中国问题界定中国特色、以生产力与生产关系的互动把握问题和以解决中国道路问题为根本目的。基于此,中国共产党在推动落后农业国从站起来、富起来到强起来的伟大实践中完成了理论创造,形成了既有别于经典理论、又有别于既有模式的建国论、富国论和强国论。面对中华民族伟大复兴战略全局和世界百年未有之大变局,以问题为导向进行实践探索和理论创造仍是解决新时代新征程中重大问题的法宝。

There are two orientations in human practice and understanding:subjectivismand problem orientation.Subjectivism stems from the detachment of theory from practice and the contradiction between subjectivity and objectivity.Problem orientation reflects the combination of the basic principles of Marxism with China's specific reality.China's transformation began in backward agricultural countries rather than developed industrial countries,which determines that China's road selection and path exploration can only be problem-oriented.Problem-oriented is based on adapting the basic tenets of Marxism to China's specific realities.This paper demonstrates the problem-oriented approach formed in the Communist Party of China's practice and theoretical innovation over the past Century.This approach is to face the major problems that the country and the nation need to solve directly,to find the real problems through investigation,to define Chinese characteristics with Chinese problems,to grasp the problems with the interaction of productivity and relations of production,and to aim at solving problems of Chinese road.Based on this,the CPC has completed the theoretical creation in the great practice of promoting backward agricultural countries from standing up,getting rich to becoming strong,and formed the theory of building a country,the theory of enriching a country,and the theory of strengthening a country,which are different from the classical theory and the existing model.In the face of the national rejuvenation strategy within the wider context of once-in-a-century changes taking place in the world,the practical exploration and theoretical creation adhered to problem-oriented will provides important assurance to solve major problems in the new era.