儒家的文化范式——基于中美跨文化比较视角的考察

The Confucian Cultural Paradigm——Quantitative Research of Cross-cultural Comparison between China and U.S.

中西方文明和国别之间的价值观差异是社会心理学和跨文化研究的重要议题。现代化理论预测现代化过程中各国传统价值观会被现代价值观所取代,在不同文明之间形成价值观趋同。文化相对主义和本土心理学则强调儒家文化在现代化过程中的持续性和推动作用。之前对中国价值观变迁的研究更多是基于思辨性的分析,或使用建立在西方文化之上的测量工具,缺乏具有本土测量视角的跨文化比较量化研究。使用基于儒家文化开发的本土化测量工具对中国人和美国人的价值观进行比较,发现:当代中国人的价值观与美国人相比仍保有明显的文化独特性和儒家文化范式,尽管儒家传统价值观的某些维度已有所衰退。据此,应重新审视传统与现代价值观的关系,并重视儒家文化在中国现代化变迁中的研究价值,以跨文化视角和量化方法探索中国民众价值观的变迁。

The divergence in values between Easterm and Western civilizations is a prominent subject in social psychology and cross-cultural studies.Modernization theory posits that traditional values in diverse countries will be supplanted by shared modern values during the modernization process,leading to a convergence of values.However,cultural relativism and indigenous psychology underscore the enduring influence of Confucian cultural paradigms in the Chinese context aimid modernization.Previous research on Chinese values has often leaned on theoretical discussions,and measurement tools employed in limited quantitative studies originated from research on Western societies.This article utilizes a set of survey tools designed to measure Confucian culture for a cross-cultural comparative study of Confucian values between China and the United States.The research findings indicate that contemporary Chinese values still prominently display significant Confucian orientations and cultural uniqueness.Simultaneously,certain dimensions of Confucian values have also exhibited signs of decline.The article emphasizes the significance of Confucian culture in the context of China's modernization,advocating for an examination of shifts in Chinese values through a cross-cultural perspective and the application of quantitative methods.