2019—2022年海南省居民健康素养水平变化情况及其影响因素分析

Analysis on the change of health literacy level and its influencing factors among residents in Hainan Province from 2019 to 2022

目的分析2019—2022年海南省居民的健康素养水平状况及其影响因素,为促进健康海南行动和海南省人均预期寿命提升行动提供参考依据。方法采用分层多阶段抽样方法,抽取海南省15~69岁常住居民进行入户问卷调查。采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析影响居民健康素养水平的主要因素。结果加权调整后,2019—2022年海南省居民的健康素养水平分别为18.20%、20.15%、22.28%、23.51%,呈上升趋势(χ趋势2=107.245,P<0.001)。多因素Logistic回归结果显示,女性居民的健康素养水平较男性高,OR值为1.162(95%CI:1.099~1.229);15~岁年龄组的居民健康素养水平较65~69岁年龄组高,OR值为3.097(95%CI:2.432~3.943);大专/本科及以上文化程度的居民健康素养水平较不识字/少识字文化程度高,OR值为9.084(95%CI:7.174~11.503);公务员/教师职业的居民健康素养水平较农民/工人职业高,OR值为4.093(95%CI:3.423~4.893)。结论2019—2022年海南省居民健康素养水平整体呈上升趋势,未来政府应根据不同地区、文化程度、职业在健康知识普及上的异质性,为居民提供更加个性化的健康教育与健康促进服务。

Objective To analyze the health literacy level and its influencing factors among residents in Hainan Province from 2019 to 2022,and to provide reference for promoting Healthy Hainan Action and improving the life expectancy of Hainan province.Methods A stratified multi-stage sampling method was adopted to conduct a household questionnaire survey among permanent residents aged 15-69 in Hainan Province.Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the main factors associated with health literacy level of residents.Results After weighted adjustment,the health literacy levels of urban and rural residents in Hainan Province from 2019 to 2022 were 18.20%,20.15%,22.28%and 23.51%,showing an upward trend(P<0.001).Multivariate logistic regression results showed that the health literacy level of female residents was higher than that of male residents,with an OR value of 1.162(95%CI:1.099-1.229).The health literacy level of residents in the group aged 15 years and above was higher than that in the group aged 65-69,with an OR value of 3.097(95%CI:2.432-3.943).The health literacy level of residents with college/undergraduate education and above was higher than those residents with illiterate/less literate level,with an OR value of 9.084(95%CI:7.174-11.503).The health literacy level of civil servant/teacher occupation was higher than those of farmer/worker occupation,with an OR value of 4.093(95%CI:3.423-4.893).Conclusion The health literacy level of residents in Hainan Province showed an overall upward trend from 2019 to 2022.In the future,the government should provide more personalized health education and health promotion for residents according to the heterogeneity of health knowledge popularization in different regions,educational levels and occupations.