陆军航空兵女飞行员卫勤保障现状和健康路径分析

Analysis of Medical Support Status and Health Path for Female Pilots in Army Aviation

目的探讨陆军航空兵女飞行员卫勤保障现状和健康路径。方法采用文献检索、资料收集和实地调研等方式,掌握国内外直升机女飞行员需求和航空卫勤保障现状,分析其特点和不足,提出针对该人群卫勤保障的健康路径。结果目前的女飞行员通用卫勤保障措施不能完全解决陆军航空兵女飞行员因性别和作业环境导致的作业能力差异问题,女性固有月经周期、妊娠和直升机特殊坏境产生的噪音、振动、辐射以及低压、缺氧等因素可能促进陆军航空兵女飞行员疲劳和焦虑产生,进而影响作业能力和健康水平。结论需聚焦陆军航空医学和人文社会科学视角层面,加强直升机特殊环境、女飞行员特殊生理和心理问题、领悟社会支持等研究,发掘针对陆军航空兵女飞行员性别特点的精准卫勤保障策略。

Objective To explore the current status of medical support and health path for female pilots in army aviation.Methods Several measures,including literature search,data collection and field survey were adopted to grasp the demand for female helicopter pilots in domestic and overseas,as well as the current status of aviation support.Its characteristics and drawbacks were analyzed,a health path on medical support for above population were proposed.Results The common medical support measures for female pilots could not completely solve the problems of differences in operational capability of female army pilots due to their gender and operational environment.Women′s inherent menstrual cycle,pregnancy,combining with many factors such as the noise,vibration and radiation generated by the helicopter′s special environment,as well as the factors of low pressure and lack of oxygen,might promote the production of fatigue and anxiety among female pilots,which further affected their operational capability and health level.Conclusion It is necessary to focus on the perspectives of army aviation medicine and humanities and social sciences,strengthen the research on the special environment of helicopters,the special physiological and psychological problems of female pilots as well as perceived social support,so as to discover the precise medical support strategies targeting the gender characteristics of female pilots in army aviation.