德日进的“宇宙精神学说”及其生态美学意义

The Cosmic Mind of Pierre Teilhard de Chardin and Its Eco-Aesthetic Significance

德日进认为人类由于具备了自我意识、反思、反省的能力而超越了其他生物,代表了宇宙演化的最高水平。个体从本能进入思想的飞越,在生物圈之上生成了“精神圈”(noosphère;noosphere)。而集“雅”“善”为一体的“爱”,是将人类凝聚成一个生命共同体的宇宙能量;人类的未来也必然遵循大自然的进化规律,向着整体化迈进。德日进的宇宙精神学说约略可以视为“宇宙视野中的人类生态学”,破解了主客二分认识论,筑牢了人与地球万物共生共荣的整体论,进一步奠定了生态美学的根基。生态美学所看重的生命的关联性、互动性,审美的亲和性、和谐性,艺术活动的整合能力、创造能力,以及符号意识如何打造人类健康美好的生活等等,都可以在德日进的学说中寻获有益的启示。

Pierre Teilhard de Chardin posits that the complicated process of life’evolution embodies an inherent progression from subtlety to richness in the mentalization of the universe.According to him,human beings,equipped with self-awareness,selfreflection and self-examination,transcend other creatures and represent the pinnacle of universe evolution.As individuals transition from instinctual needs to ideological aspirations,a noosphere emerges alongside the biosphere.Love,encompassing refinement and kindness,serves as a cosmic energy that binds human beings into a community of life.This trajectory toward integration aligns with the natural law of evolution.De Chardin’s cosmic mind,offering a compelling perspective on human ecology within the broader cosmos,resolves the epistemological divide between subject and object.It establishes a holistic framework for mutual growth and co-prosperity between humans and nature,thus fortifying the foundation of ecological aesthetics.His theory serves as a rich source of inspiration for understanding the relevance and interactivity of life,appreciating aesthetic beauty with affinity and harmony,fostering integrative abilities and creativity in artistic endeavors,and appreciating how symbolic consciousness cultivates a healthy and happy life for humans—the core tenets of ecological aesthetics.