“既然p的话,那么q”句式的或然弱性推断

On the Uncertain and Weak Inference of“Jiran(既然)p Dehua(的话),Name(那么)q”Sentence

“既然p的话,那么q”是一种比较特殊的复句句式,属于“推断+假设”的异类组配。“既然”句与“的话”句都属于因果类复句,两者都具有推断性的语义,它们的语义共性推动了接口的产生。同时,说话人的特定表达需要,也对两类复句的异类组配起到了促成作用。在语义接口和语用优先原则的作用下,这两类复句进行了概念整合,重新组配成或然弱性推断句式“既然p的话,那么q”。用以阐释该句式义的或然弱性推断,是汉语复句的固有特征,具有承继性和能产性。此外,假设后置标记进入其他复句前分句末尾,这也意味着同一层次的前后分句之间可能会具有三视点。

“Jiran(既然)p dehua(的话),name(那么)q”is a special complex sentence,which belongs to the heterogeneous combination of“inference+hypothesis”.Both“jiran(既然)p,name(那么)q”sentence and“ruguo(如果)p dehua(的话),name(那么)q”sentence belong to causal complex sentences,both of which have inferential semantics,and the common semantics contribute to the generation of interface.At the same time,the specific expression needs of the speaker also contribute to the heterogeneous combination of the two types of complex sentences.Under the effect of the semantic interface and pragmatic priority principle,these two types of complex sentences are conceptually integrated and recombined into the uncertain and weak inference sentence“jiran(既然)p dehua(的话),name(那么)q”.The uncertain and weak inference used to explain the meaning of the sentence is an inherent characteristic of Chinese complex sentences,which are inherited and productive.In addition,the postposition hypothesis marker enters the position an the end of the preceding clause of other complex sentences,which also means that there may be three subjective viewpoints between the preceding and following clauses of the same level.