高职学生学习力问题审视:表征、实质和突破

Examination of the Problem of Learning Ability of Higher Vocational Students:Representation,Essence and Breakthrough

从当前高职学生学习力的“错位之困”入手,通过量化调研与质性访谈,考察高职学生学习力问题的表征、实质和突破之道。研究发现,高职学生学习力从表象上看有几个显著标签:“没什么心思主动学习”“和本科孩子比较,学习能力偏弱”“学习时难以抵抗诱惑”“实践能力特别可以”。通过对标签背后的生成机理与实质深描,发现高职学生在学习动力上“长期效能感匮乏”与“高度兴趣依赖”凸显,学习能力上“操作性控制薄弱”与“解决问题能力突出”并存,学习毅力上“低目标感”引致“抵抗逆性”,学习转化力上“实践态度”与“实践能力”相悖。据此,尝试从外部条件和内部动能为切入点,以期寻得高职学生学习力从“低人一等”到“大有可为”的突破路径。

Starting from the“problem of dislocation”of vocational students’learning ability at pres⁃ent,through quantitative investigation and qualitative interview,this paper examines the characteristics,es⁃sence and breakthrough ways of vocational students’learning ability problem.The study found that the learning ability of vocational college students has several significant labels from the appearance:“lack of initiative in learning”,"compared to undergraduate students,their learning ability is weaker”,“it is diffi⁃cult to resist temptation during learning”,and“practical ability is particularly good”.Through a deep analy⁃sis of the generation mechanism and essence description behind the label,it is found that vocational college students have a prominent problem of“lack of long-term efficacy”and“high interest dependence”in learn⁃ing motivation,“weak operational control”and“outstanding problem-solving ability”co-exist in learning ability,and“low sense of purpose”leads to“low resilience”in learning perseverance.The“practical atti⁃tude”is contrary to the“practical ability”in learning transformation.Therefore,the paper tries to explore the breakthrough path of vocational college students’learning ability from“inferior”to“promising”by starting from external conditions and internal momentum.