共同富裕背景下浙江省高职院校学情调查分析

The Investigation Report on Learning Situation Survey of Higher Vocational Colleges in Zhejiang Province under the background of common prosperity

共同富裕的重要标志和动能是壮大中等收入群体,要扩大中等收入群体需要发挥高等职业教育塑造新生中等收入群体的功用。对11万多名学生抽样调查发现,浙江高职院校的生源主要来自县城及以下,家庭经济收入以中等及偏下为主,来自乡镇的学生有上升的趋势;高年级学生的学习满意度显著高于低年级学生,师生沟通和学生的时间控制呈现下降趋势;“双高计划”建设院校学生的满意度总体高于其他院校,而国家高水平学校建设单位和高水平专业群建设院校在人才培养方面不分伯仲;高职院校的人才培养成效与区域经济发展呈正相关性,位于区域经济发展强的高职院校学生满意度显著高于其他区域的学生,存在一定程度区域发展的不均衡性。赋能共富示范区建设,需要高等职业教育在兜底高等教育的同时增强学生获取和维护技能的意愿和能力,着力培育工匠精神;着力增强学生的数字技能等专业核心能力;在“双高计划”建设中更加强化人才培养的基础地位,将人才培养质量作为评价“双高计划”建设的重要指标;强化省域统筹,协同发展并推进优质高职资源下沉县域。

The important indicators and driving force of common prosperity are the strengthening of the middle-income group.To expand the middle-income group,it is necessary to leverage the role of higher vocational education in shaping the emerging middle-income group.Through a survey of 110,000 sampled questionnaires,it was found that the main source of students in higher vocational colleges in Zhejiang Prov-ince is from county-level cities and below,with the majority of their families having middle to lower income levels.Students from rural areas and towns show an upward trend.The satisfaction level of senior students is significantly higher than that of junior students,while the communication between teachers and students and student time management show a declining trend.The effectiveness of the national"Double High Plan"construction is evident,as students from"Double High Plan"construction colleges generally have higher satisfaction levels compared to other colleges.However,there is no significant difference in talent cultiva-tion between national high-level school construction units and high-level professional group construction colleges.The effectiveness of talent cultivation in higher vocational colleges is positively correlated with re-gional economic development.Students from higher vocational colleges located in regions with strong eco-nomic development have significantly higher satisfaction levels compared to students from other regions,in-dicating a certain degree of regional development imbalance.To empower the construction of exemplary ar-eas for common prosperity,it is necessary for higher vocational education to not only provide a safety net for higher education but also enhance students'willingness and ability to acquire and maintain skills,with a fo-cus on cultivating the spirit of craftsmanship.Teachers should primarily focus on talent cultivation,empha-sizing the enhancement of students'core skills,such as digital skills.To continuously promote the construc-tion of the"Double High Plan"and further enhance the foundational status of student cultivation within the plan,making the quality of talent cultivation an important indicator for evaluating the"Double High Plan"construction.Strengthen provincial-level coordination,promote coordinated development,and facilitate the sinking of high-quality vocational education resources to county-level areas.