按蚊及其肠道共生菌群间的相互作用对宿主媒介效能与生理功能影响研究进展

Advances in Anopheles and their gut microbiota:Effects of microbiota on host vector competence and physiological function

严重危害全球人民健康的三大传染病之一的疟疾,严格依赖按蚊传播。阻断传播途径是预防传染病的有效策略之一。按蚊肠道拥有高度复杂和动态的共生微生物菌群,主要是细菌,这些由长期进化选择的共生菌展示出了多种影响宿主生物学重要特征的能力,如寿命、发育、消化、繁殖和媒介能力等。在本文献综述中,主要从按蚊肠道共生菌在影响宿主的繁殖与发育、调节宿主拮抗病原体感染和宿主基础免疫反应、以及在宿主营养代谢中发挥的作用四个方面展开综述,回顾按蚊肠道共生菌与宿主间的相互作用。

Malaria,one of the three major infectious diseases seriously endangering global people’s health,is strictly dependent on Anopheline mosquitoes transmission.Blocking the transmission pathway is one of the effective strategies to prevent infectious diseases.Anopheles mosquitoe gut harbors a highly complex and dynamic gut microbiota,dominated by bacteria.These symbiotic microbiota,shaped by long-term evolution selection,display a variety of abilities to influence biologically important features of the host,such as lifespan,development,digestion,reproduction,and vector competence.In this review,the interactions between Anopheles gut symbionts and the host are reviewed,mainly in terms of influencing host reproduction and development,modulating host antagonism against pathogen infection and the host basal immune response,and the role they play in host nutrient metabolism.