为何在职场“躺平”:挑战性压力与工作退缩行为的关系

Why"lying flat"at work:The relationship between challenging stress and work withdrawal behavior

目的:有学者提出,职场“躺平”的表现与工作退缩行为的内涵相近。为了分析面对工作中的挑战,人们为什么没有化压力为动力而是表现为“躺平”这一问题。本研究选取工作退缩行为代表职场“躺平”行为,分析挑战性压力是如何与其建立连结的。方法:选取各行业的全职员工进行间隔1个月的测量,采用挑战性工作压力量表、情感反刍量表、问题解决反刍量表、主动性人格量表和工作退缩行为量表,共获取587份有效数据。结果:挑战性压力通过问题解决反刍负向预测工作退缩行为(B=-0.11,SE=0.05,95%CI[-0.206,-0.033]),通过情感反刍正向预测工作退缩行为(B=0.25,SE=0.08,95%CI[0.121,0.411])。主动性人格可以有效缓解挑战性压力与情感反刍间的连结(B=-0.14,SE=0.04,P<0.001)。结论:在面对工作挑战时,人们是否采取“躺平”的应对方式关键在于个体以何种方式反复思考压力。

Objective:Some scholars have proposed that the performance of"lying flat"in the workplace is similar to the connotation of work withdrawal behavior.In order to analyze the problem of why people do not turn stress into motivation but"lying flat"in the face of challenges at work.This study selected work withdrawal behavior as the representative of workplace"lying flat"behavior and analyzed how challenges in work are linked to it.Based on this,this study analyzed the mediating role of work rumination in the relationship between challenging stress and work withdrawal behavior.And further analyzed the moderating role of proactive personality.Methods:The study selected full-time employees in various industries for two-time point measurement one month apart.The challenging work stress scale,emotional rumination scale,problem solving rumination scale,proactive personality scale and work withdrawal behavior scale were used,587 valid data were analyzed.Results:Challenging stress reduced work withdrawal behavior through problem solving rumination(B=-0.11,SE=0.05,95%CI[-0.206,-0.033])and increases work withdrawal behavior through affective rumination(B=0.25,SE=0.08,95%CI[0.121,0.411]).Proactive personality could effectively alleviate the link between challenging stress and affective rumination(B=-0.14,SE=0.04,P<0.001).Conclusion:Whether people lying down in the face of work challenges depends on how individuals ruminate about stress.