基于社会共治框架的食品供应链质量投入行为策略选择研究

Selection of Behavior Strategy for Quality Investment in Food Supply Chain under Social Co-governance Framework

食品安全是“产”出来的,提高食品供应链体系中所有企业的质量投入水平是预防可能面临的各种食品安全风险的基础。不同于以往对企业质量投入的研究,文章基于社会共治框架,构建食品供应商、食品生产商与消费者三方演化博弈模型,以食品企业进行质量投入的条件作为研究嵌入点,研究食品供应链主体行为策略选择的演化路径与社会共治系统达到均衡点的稳定性条件,据此重点探究在政府依法监管的情境下,声誉机制与供应链主体间市场契约对食品安全风险治理是否具有效能。研究结果表明:不同主体均在平衡各自利益的基础上选择各自的行为策略,系统最终稳定状态与初始意愿无关;企业进行质量投入的净支出、消费者参与治理的成本是影响企业行为策略选择和社会共治水平的主要因素;相较于提升对供应商生产风险食品原材料行为的经济惩罚,降低供应商质量投入成本对治理食品安全风险更具效率。据此,本文提出政策建议,为防控食品安全风险提供启示。

Food safety is,in a sense,“produced”,and it is a foundation for preventing any various possible food safety risks to upgrade the level of the quality investment by all enterprises in the food-supply chain system.Unlike the previous research projects on quality investment by enterprises,this paper probes into the evolutionary routes of the behavior strategy selection of the subjects in the food-supply chain and the preconditions for the equilibrium points of the social co-governance system,by establishing a tripartite evolutionary game model of food suppliers,food manufacturers and consumers on the basis of the social co-governance framework;and in view of the above,this paper focuses on the influence of the reputation mechanism and the market contracts among the subjects of the supply chain on the selection of behavior strategy for quality investment by enterprises under the condition of lawful regulation by government.The results show that every subject selects their own behavior strategy on the basis of the balance of their respective interests,and the final stability condition of the system is independent of their initial intentions;the net disbursement incurred by enterprises for quality investment,and the costs of participation in governance by consumers constitute the dominant factors that influence the selection by enterprises of their behavior strategy and the level of social co-governance;compared with the increase in the economic punishment imposed on suppliers for production of risky food raw materials,it is more efficient at control of food safety risks to lower the costs of quality investment by suppliers.Accordingly,this paper proposes advice on policy in an attempt to provide inspiration for preventing and controlling food safety risks.