中国“橙”的丝路西传与对欧洲社会影响探析

China's Orange:Dispersal and its Impact on European Culture

随着中西物种大交换,橙子从地区性水果一跃成为世界性水果,不仅在欧洲各国掀起了一股“橙子热”,还深刻改变了世界的政治、经济、文化和社会生活。然而,相比于丝绸、瓷器和茶叶等丝路商品,学界对橙子的外传时间和路线、以及对欧洲社会产生的影响关注不够。本文基于中外文献,厘清其西传时间和路线,中国“橙”的海外传播经历了观赏→食物→药用→表演的交叠和演进过程。此外,进入欧洲的中国“橙”不仅丰富了欧洲人民的物质生活,更是对欧洲园林艺术、绘画与戏剧艺术的美学表达作出了独特贡献。

With the exchange of species between China and the West,orange rose from a local fruit to a global one,which not only led to"orange mania"among European countries but also profoundly transformed the politics,economy,culture and society in the world.However,compared with heated discussions on silk,china,and tea,academic circle pays less attention to time and routes of its dissemination,and its impact on European society.The article based on literature,domestic and abroad,makes sure its time and routes westwards as well as its influence.The overseas dissemination of China's orange experiences an overlapped and evolved process from being an object of appreciation,an edible fruit,and a medicine to a performative prop.Having entered Europe,China's orange not only enriches the material life of the European,but also makes aesthetic contributions to their horticulture,painting,and theatre.