基于传感器节点优化的物联网信息采集系统设计

Design of IoT information collection system based on sensor node optimization

对物联网信息采集问题进行了研究,以实时监测城市道路中消防栓的情况入手,设计了一种基于传感器节点优化的物联网信息采集系统。首先,设计了消防栓在线监测系统,并对其核心的物联网信息采集系统进行详细设计;然后,对传感器节点部署优化方案进行了研究与探讨,包括网络系统设计、节点部署优化问题的条件设定、节点部署优化问题数学模型的构建,其具体优化方法是利用改进后的PSO算法寻找最优传感器节点部署方案;最后,在Matlab仿真平台上对传感器节点部署优化过程进行模拟实验,分别采用标准PSO算法与改进后PSO算法对传感器节点初始布局进行优化。实验结果表明:改进后PSO优化布局的评价函数值较初始布局提高了3.57%,覆盖冗余度较初始布局提高了4.88%,优化布局的通信强度都较初始布局提高了6.2%,改进后PSO优化布局的邻居节点个数分别较初始布局和标准PSO优化布局增加了7.61%与2.6%,总体性能评价函数值比标准的PSO优化布局评价函数值提高了0.21%,表明改进后PSO搜索的传感器节点分布方案更为优越,优化布局的连通性更好,适用于本次研究的传感器节点优化,获取最优节点部署方案。

This article studies the issue of IoT information collection,starting with real-time monitoring of fire hydrants on urban roads,and designs an IoT information collection system based on sensor node optimization.Firstly,an online monitoring system for fire hydrants was designed,and its core IoT information collection system was designed in detail;Then,research and exploration were conducted on the optimization plan for sensor node deployment,including network system design,setting conditions for node deployment optimization problems,and constructing a mathematical model for node deployment optimization problems.The specific optimization method was to use the improved PSO algorithm to find the optimal sensor node deployment plan;Finally,simulation experiments were conducted on the Matlab simulation platform to optimize the deployment process of sensor nodes,using standard PSO algorithm and improved PSO algorithm to optimize the initial layout of sensor nodes.The experimental results show that the evaluation function value of the improved PSO optimized layout has increased by 3.57%compared to the initial layout,the coverage redundancy has increased by 4.88%compared to the initial layout,and the communication strength of the optimized layout has increased by 6.2%compared to the initial layout.The number of neighboring nodes in the improved PSO optimized layout has increased by 7.61%and 2.6%compared to the initial layout and the standard PSO optimized layout,respectively,The overall performance evaluation function value has increased by 0.21%compared to the standard PSO optimization layout evaluation function value,indicating that the improved PSO search for sensor node distribution scheme is superior,and the connectivity of the optimized layout is better.It is suitable for the sensor node optimization in this study to obtain the optimal node deployment scheme.