物业公司参与社区治理的行动模式——以“情境”为分析框架

An Action Model for Property Management Companies to Participate in Community Governance:Take“Situational”as Analysis Framework

从基层社区治理的“情境”出发,立足于城市社区治理的“二重性”特征,可归纳出“公共危机型”“业主自治型”“行政动员型”“仪式互动型”四种社区治理的情境类型,由此构建起一个物业公司参与社区治理的“情境”分析框架。通过对S小区治理实践过程的考察发现,物业公司在不同的治理情境中,分别通过“行政协同”“策略协商”“协同共治”“共建共享”模式加以回应。物业公司的行动是基于对具体情境中各种资源、关系的主观定义而做出的,情境的变动意味着治理场域中资源、权力、关系的相应流动。物业公司在追求自身“市场性”利益的同时,也需要依据情境来选择获取自身合法性的“公共性”回应,这种回应有利于促进和改善基层社区治理境况和社会福祉,也为构建多元治理格局提供了可能的思路。

Starting from the“context”of grassroots community governance and based on the“duality”of urban community governance,this paper summarizes four types of situational contexts for urban community governance,namely,“public crisis-oriented”“homeowner self-governance”“administrative mobilization”and“ritual interaction type”.Based on this,a“situational”analysis framework is constructed for property management companies'participation in community governance.Through an investigation into the governance practice process of S community,it is found that in different governance situations,the property management company responds through the modes of“administrative coordination”“strategic negotiation”,“collaborative governance”and“co-contruction and sharing”.The actions taken by the property management company are based on the subjective definition of various resources and relationships in the specific context,and the changesin the situation mean corresponding flows of resources,power and relationships in the governance field.While pursuing their own market interests,property companies also need to choose the“public”response to obtain their own legitimacy according to the situation,this response is conducive to promoting and improving the situation of grass-roots community governance and social welfare while providing possible ideas and paths for the construction of a diversified governance pattern.