守本开新:学校落实立德树人根本任务的实践进路研究

Keeping the Foundation and Opening the New:Research on the Practical Path of Implementing the Fundamental Task of Establishing Morality and Cultivating People in School

立德树人是根植于中华优秀传统文化的教育话语,可在对传统文化的追溯中获得对立德树人内涵的认识与实践的启发。立德树人回应“人的全面而自由发展”之最终目的,遵循德育为首的学校教育基本特征,符合社会主义政治实践的应然要求。结合新时代特征准确把握立德树人的当下任务,在于:培养能肩负民族复兴重任的“有理想”的人,使其成为自信而坚定的实践者;培育学生的和谐品质与自主精神,使其成为可应对当下时代挑战的“有本领”的人;培养学生的责任感与合作精神,使其成为推动当前社会发展的“有担当”的人。基于系统视角探索落实立德树人的实践进路,在于:增强主体动能,融通“道”“德”提升教师育德本领;活化载体功用,立足“校本”高质量使用教材;坚守核心阵地,锚定“素养”提高课堂质量;优化育人环境,以“德”领航建设学校氛围。

Establishing morality and cultivating people is an educational discourse rooted in Chinese excellent tradi-tional culture,which can be used to obtain the connotation and practical inspiration of establishing morality and cultivating people from the tracing of traditional culture.It responds to the ultimate goal of"comprehensive and free development of human beings",follows the basic characteristics of school education with moral education as the first priority,and meets the requirements of socialist political practice.The current tasks of establishing morality and cultivating people in the light of the characteristics of the new era are to cultivate"ideal'people who can shoulder the important task of national rejuven-ation,so that they can become confident and determined practitioners;to cultivate students'harmonious qualities and au-tonomous spirit,so that they can become"competent'people who can meet the challenges of the current era;and to culti-vate students'sense of responsibility and cooperative spirit,so that they can become"responsible"people who can promote the development of the current society.The practical way to explore the implementation of establishing morality and culti-vating people based on a systemic perspective is to:enhance the motivation of the main body,integrate"morality"and"ethics"to improve teachers'moral education skills;activate the function of the carrier and use the teaching materials in high quality based on"school-based";stick to the core position and anchor"literacy"to improve classroom quality;opti-mize the educational environment to lead the construction of school atmosphere with"morality".