家长对学龄前儿童抗生素安全用药知信行调查:一项横断面研究

Survey on knowledge,attitudes and practices of safe medication of antibiotic among parents of preschool children:a cross-sectional study

目的 调查学龄前儿童家长对抗生素安全用药的知信行现状,并探讨低知识和自行使用抗生素的影响因素,为进一步改善学龄前儿童抗生素使用情况提供参考。方法 以2021年12月至2022年6月青岛市中医医院儿科就诊的学龄前发热儿童家长为研究对象。采用调查问卷开展调查,分析患儿家长发热安全用药知信行现状。采用Spearman秩相关分析和多元线性回归探讨知识和态度之间的关系;采用Logistic回归探讨低知识和自行使用抗生素的影响因素。结果 调查共纳入240名学龄前儿童家长。知识和态度之间呈正相关,态度越好,知识水平越高(r=0.667,P <0.001)。与> 35岁家长比较,<25岁家长抗生素安全用药知识水平较低,且高龄是低知识水平的独立保护因素(P <0.05)。“没有处方就购买抗生素”和“在药师的建议下,接受抗生素治疗”是自行使用抗生素的独立危险因素(P <0.05)。结论 学龄前儿童家长对抗生素知识有待加强,教育干预尤为重要。此外,应实施限制无处方获得抗生素的公共卫生政策。

Objective To investigate the current status of parents of preschool children,and to explore the influencing factors of low knowledge and self-use of antibiotics,so as to provide a reference for further improving the use of antibiotics in preschool children.Methods Parents of preschool children with fever attending the Department of Pediatrics of Qingdao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from December 2021 to June 2022 were used as study subjects.A survey was conducted using a questionnaire to analyze the current status of knowledge,belief and behavior of parents of children with fever in terms of safe medication use.Spearman's rank correlation analysis and multiple linear regression were used to explore the relationship between knowledge and attitude;Logistic regression was used to explore the influencing factors of low knowledge and self-administration of antibiotics.Results A total of 240 parents of preschool children were included in the survey.There was a positive correlation between knowledge and attitudes,with better attitudes being associated with higher levels of knowledge(r=0.667,P<0.001).Parents younger than 25 years of age had a lower level of knowledge about safe antibiotic use compared with parents older than 35 years of age,and advanced age was an independent protective factor for low knowledge(P<0.05)."Purchasing antibiotics without a prescription"and"receiving antibiotics on the advice of a pharmacist"were independent risk factors for self-administration of antibiotics(P<0.05).Conclusion Parents'knowledge of antibiotics in preschool children needs to be strengthened,and educational interventions are particularly important.In addition,public health policies that limit access to antibiotics without a prescription should be implemented.