卵泡刺激素及其受体的信号传递功能和相关疾病的研究进展

Research progress of the signaling function and related diseases of follicle stimulating hormone and its receptors

卵泡刺激素(FSH)是由垂体前叶促性腺激素细胞分泌的促性腺激素,与卵泡刺激素受体(FSHR)结合,刺激卵泡的生成和精子的发生,FSH或FSHR缺乏会导致男性精子减少以及女性不孕和闭经。随着研究的不断深入,FSH/FSHR信号通路也不断完善,除了经典的环磷酸腺苷依赖的信号通路以外,还有β-抑制蛋白依赖的通路以及其他通路;FSHR存在不同构象之间的平衡,构象的偏向性会影响其信号传导,对于偏向性信号的产生类别也正不断深入研究。同时FSH/FSHR也可以为辅助生殖、性腺疾病甚至癌症的治疗和预防提供新的研究思路。本文聚焦于对FSH/FSHR的相关理论及与疾病关联性的最新研究进展作一综述。

Follicle stimulating hormone(FSH)is a gonadotropin secreted by gonadotropin cells in the anterior pituitary gland,which binds to follicle stimulating hormone receptor(FSHR)to stimulate follicle generation and sperm production.The lack of FSH or FSHR can lead to reduced sperm count in males and infertility and amenorrhea in females.With the continuous deepening of research,the FSH/FSHR signaling pathways have also been constantly improved.In addition to the classic cyclic adenosine monophosphate dependent signaling pathway,there are alsoβ-inhibitory protein dependent pathways and other pathways.There is a balance between different conformations of FSHR,and the bias of conformations https://zgys.whuznhmedj.com can affect its signal transduction.The categories of biased signals are also being further studied.Meanwhile,FSH/FSHR can also provide new research ideas for the treatment and prevention of assisted reproduction,gonadal diseases,and even cancer.This article focuses on a review of the latest research progress on the relevant theories of FSH/FSHR and its association with diseases.