日本污水处理系统温室气体排放量计算及控制

Greenhouse Gas Emission Calculation and Carbon Neutralization Measures in Japanese Wastewater Treatment System

污水处理过程会产生大量以二氧化碳、甲烷、一氧化二氮等为主的温室气体,至2030年我国污水处理行业的温室气体排放量将达到全国温室气体排放量的2.95%,因此污水处理系统的低碳化/零碳化运行对我国达成“碳达峰、碳中和”的战略目标具有重要意义。准确掌握和评估污水处理设施能耗和其温室气体排放行为,是行之有效制定污水处理系统温室气体减排策略的坚实基础。为此,以日本环境省发布的《污水处理系统全球变暖对策手册》为参考,对污水处理厂各单元温室气体的产生来源和排放量计算方法及相应的减排措施进行了梳理和总结,旨在为我国污水处理系统温室气体排放量核算和碳减排方面的研究及其应用提供参考。

A large number of greenhouse gases(GHG)are produced during wastewater treatment,mainly including CO2,methane,N2O,etc.By 2030,the GHG emissions from the wastewater treatment industry in China will reach 2.95%of the national greenhouse gas emissions.Achieving low-carbon or zero-carbon emission is of great significance to complete the carbon emission peak and carbon neutralization.In order to effectively reduce GHG emissions from wastewater treatment plants,it is necessary to accurately evaluate the GHG emissions of each wastewater treatment facility.Referring to the Handbook on Global Warming Countermeasures for Sewage Treatment Systems issued by Ministry of the Environment of Japan,this paper introduced the sources of GHG,the emission calculation methods of GHG,and the emission reduction measures for each unit of wastewater treatment plants,which could provide suggestions for the calculation and emission reduction of GHG emissions from wastewater treatment plants in China.