基于行为阶段转变理论的健康教育在单纯性肥胖症患者中的应用

Application of Health Education Based on the Transtheoretical Model and Stages of Change in Patients with Simple Obesity

目的分析行为阶段转变理论的健康教育在单纯性肥胖症患者中的应用效果。方法选择2020年3月至2023年3月就诊于河南省人民医院的66例单纯性肥胖症患者,按随机对照原则分为对照组(33例,接受常规饮食、运动护理和研究组),(33例,接受行为阶段转变下的健康教育)。比较两组运动锻炼依从性、肥胖相关指标、血脂水平、自我管理能力、自我病耻感、心理应激。结果干预后,研究组运动锻炼依从性优于对照组(P<0.05),脂肪百分率、体重指数、腰围、腰臀比、胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)低于对照组(P<0.05),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后,成人健康自我管理能力量表(AHSMSRS)评分高于对照组(P<0.05),体重自我病耻感问卷(WSSQ)量表评分低于对照组(P<0.05),焦虑(A)、抑郁(D)、医院焦虑抑郁量表(HAD)评分低于对照组低(P<0.05)。结论行为阶段转变理论的健康教育可改善单纯性肥胖患者的运动锻炼依从性、血脂水平,提高减重效果,降低病耻感,减轻心理应激反应,提高自我管理能力。

Objective To analyze the application effect of health education in the transtheoretical model and stages of change in patients with simple obesity.Methods A total of 66 patients with simple obesity admitted to Henan Provincial People’s Hospital from March 2020 to March 2023 were divided into control group(33 cases receiving routine diet and exercise nursing)and study group(33 cases receiving health education at the stage of behavior change)according to the principle of randomized control.Exercise compliance,obesity-related indexes,blood lipid level,self-management ability,self-stigma and psychological stress were compared between the two groups.Results After intervention,the exercise compliance of the study group was better than that of the control group(P<0.05),with lower fat percentage,body mass index,waist circumference,waist-to-hip ratio,cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)compared to the control group(P<0.05),and higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)compared to the control group(P<0.05).After intervention,the scores of the adult health self management ability scale(AHSMSRS)were higher than those of the control group(P<0.05),the weight self disease shame questionnaire(WSSQ)score was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05),and the anxiety(A),depression(D),and hospital anxiety and depression scale(HAD)scores were lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Health education at the transtheoretical model and stages of change can improve the exercise compliance and blood lipid level of patients with simple obesity,improve the effect of weight loss,reduce stigma,relieve psychological stress reaction,and improve self-management ability.