2642例碳青霉烯类抗菌药物相关不良反应自发报告分析及风险信号挖掘

Analysis of 2642 reports of adverse reactions related to carbapenems and risk signal mining

目的 了解碳青霉烯类抗菌药物相关药品不良反应(ADR)发生情况和特点,挖掘相关风险信号,为临床安全使用此类药物提供参考。方法 调取解放军总医院药品不良反应监测中心数据库中2008年1月—2022年10月的碳青霉烯类抗菌药物相关ADR自发报告,对患者一般情况、累及系统/器官、涉及ADR名称等信息进行回顾性分析。采用报告比值比法、比例报告比值法、综合标准法、信息成分法挖掘碳青霉烯类抗菌药物相关ADR的风险信号。结果 碳青霉烯类抗菌药物相关ADR报告共2 642份,其中严重的ADR 410例(15.52%);主要涉及5种碳青霉烯类抗菌药物品∶种,按构成比降次排序为亚胺培南西司他丁(51.28%)、美罗培南(32.13%)、比阿培南(8.10%)、厄他培南(7.68%)、帕尼培南倍他米隆(0.79%)。患者男女比例为1.74> 60岁最多(59.69%);14个“药品-ADR名称”组合在4种数据挖掘方法中均生成阳性信号,其中美罗培南相关信号最多;亚胺培南西司他丁与厄他培南在神经系统疾病ADR中报告数较多。结论 风险信号挖掘结果与已知的碳青霉烯类抗菌药物相关ADR信息基本一致。临床在使用碳青霉烯类抗菌药物时,应监测患者肝肾功能以及血液生化指标,强化临床使用此类药物的警戒意识,及时识别并处理ADR,规避严重ADR的发生。

Objective To understand the incidence and characteristics of adverse drug reactions(ADRs) of carbapenems,explore the relevant risk signals,and provide a reference for clinically safe drug use.Methods All spontaneous reports of carbapenem drugrelated ADRs from January 2008 to October 2022 in the Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring Center,PLA General Hospital's ADR database were retrieved,and information such as patients' general conditions,involved systems and organs damage,and the names of ADRs involved were retrospectively analysed.Using the reporting odd ratio method,the proportional reporting ratio method,the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency method,and information component method to obtain risk signals of carbapenem antimicrobial drug-related ADR.Results A total of 2 642 ADR reports of carbapenems were reported,of which 410 serious ADR reports(15.52%) were serious ADR reports,five cabapenem antimirobial drug species were mainly involved.In descending order of composition were imipenem cilastatin(51.28%),meropenem(32.13%),biapenem(8.10%),ertapenem(7.68%),and panipenem(0.79%).The male to female ratio of patients was 1.74∶1,with the most age > 60 years(59.69%).A total of 14 "drug-ADR name" combinations generated risk signals in all four data mining methods,with meropenem being the most signals,and imipenem cilastatin and ertapenem had a high number of reported ADR in nervous system.Conclusion The results of risk signal mining are basically consistent with the known carbapenem ADR information,during the use of carbapenem antimicrobial drugs in the clinic,it is recommended to monitor patients' liver and kidney functions as well as blood biochemical indexes,so as to strengthen the awareness of vigilance in the clinical use of carbapenem antimicrobial drugs,and timely recognize and deal with ADRs in a timely manner,and to avoid the occurrence of serious ADRs.