论“第四种剧本”的“新生活”书写

On the"New life"Writing of the"Fourth script"

1956年前后在工农兵三种剧本之外诞生了别开生面的“第四种剧本”,它以新颖奇异引发剧坛所瞩目且产生了广泛的争鸣和影响,而其中蕴含的“表现真实生活、表现人”等创作理念使其成为窥探“十七年”时期“生活”的范本。具体来说,即在乡间田野的旅风光中,重新发掘“人”的价值,将诗意的风景变为“第二自然”,将“田园诗”的含义谱写得立体而又深邃;在“家国一体”的私人空间中,通过房屋结构、日常陈设、吃穿用度等细节的变化,凸显新风尚的传播与流行,勾勒出作为教化与效仿的“楷模”形象;在情感生活中,以政治伦理与民间伦理的融合赋予恋爱、婚姻纯朴健康的新型关系,并进一步确立个体面向社会、生产的人生本位。总体而言,考察“第四种剧本”能够发掘“十七年”时期社会主义新生活的构建及其逻辑。

Around 1956,in addition to the three kinds of scripts for workers,peasants and soldiers,a unique"fourth kind of script"was born.It attracted attention in the drama circle with its novelty and strangeness,and generated a wide range of arguments and influences.The creative ideas contained in it,such as"expressing real life and people",made it a model for exploring the"life"in the"seventeen year"period.To be specific,it is to rediscover the value of"people"in the rolling scenery of the country fields,turn the poetic landscape into"second nature",and compose the meaning of"idyllic poetry"three-dimensional and profound;In the private space of"home and country as one",through the changes of house structure,daily furnishings,food and clothing consumption and other details,it highlights the spread and popularity of new fashion,and Outlines the image of"model"as education and imitation;In the emotional life,the fusion of political ethics and folk ethics gives love and marriage a simple and healthy new relationship,and further establishes the life standard of individuals facing society and production.In essence,examining the"fourth script"can explore the construction and logic of the new socialist life in the"seventeen years"period.