大型光伏电站分布式无功优化

Distributed reactive power optimization for large-scale photovoltaic power plants

大型光伏电站经常面临严重的电压波动问题。传统的集中式控制方案采用中央控制器进行无功优化,以确保系统稳定运行。然而,这种方案存在计算负担过重、容易发生单点故障和网络安全问题的弊端。为了解决这些问题,分布式优化方法被提出并应用于大型光伏电站。该方法将电站划分为多个子系统,并使用局部控制器分别解决每个子系统的优化问题。相邻子系统之间的信息交流较少,系统信息更加安全,同时也能处理规模更大的光伏电站。基于交替方向乘子法(alternating direction method of multipliers,ADMM),提出一种适用于大型光伏电站的分布式无功优化方案解决电站电压越限问题,并通过案例验证其有效性。此外,通过分析支路潮流模型约束的线性化处理对潮流求解的影响和罚函数系数对ADMM性能的影响,进一步提升优化参数,优化大型光伏电站的运行结果。

Large-scale photovoltaic power plants usually suffer voltage fluctuations.Traditional centralized control schemes use a central controller for reactive power optimization to ensure stable system operation.However,this approach has such drawbacks as excessive computational burden,susceptibility to single point failures,and network security issues.To address them,this paper proposes a distributed optimization method and applies it in large-scale photovoltaic power plants.Our method divides the power plant into multiple subsystems and uses local controllers to solve optimization problems for each subsystem separately.The information exchange between adjacent subsystems is minimal,making the system information more secure and able to handle larger photovoltaic power plants.This paper proposes a distributed reactive power optimization scheme for large-scale photovoltaic power plants based on the alternating direction method of multipliers(ADMM),aiming to address voltage limit violations and verify its effectiveness through case studies.In addition,through an analysis of the effects of linearization processing of DistFlow flow constraints on flow solution and the penalty function coefficient on ADMM performance,further optimization parameters are set to improve the operational optimization results of large-scale photovoltaic power plants.