医学生睡眠时间与失眠现状及其影响因素分析

Analysis of Sleep Duration,Insomnia and Their Influencing Factors in Medical Students

目的通过调查了解医学生睡眠时间、失眠症状并分析相关影响因素,为改善其睡眠质量提供参考。方法以便利抽样法抽取上海市某医学院校576名医学生,分别于2021年3月和2022年5月,采用问卷星进行线上数据收集,调查工具包括一般情况调查表、失眠严重程度指数、睡眠卫生指数和睡眠拖延行为量表,对相关数据进行分层回归分析,检验在排除了潜在混杂因素(年龄、性别及单因素分析中在P<0.20的情况下有统计学意义的变量)影响下,睡眠卫生和睡眠拖延对睡眠时间和失眠严重程度的预测作用。结果研究对象平均年龄为(21.6±3.0)岁,67.0%为女性;平均睡眠时间为(7.2±1.0)h,51.2%存在睡眠不足(小于7 h),24.8%存在失眠。分层回归分析显示,在排除了潜在混杂因素影响的情况下,睡眠拖延(β=-0.30,P<0.001)是睡眠时间的显著影响因素;睡眠拖延(β=0.19,P<0.001)和睡眠卫生(β=0.28,P=0.001)均是失眠严重程度的显著影响因素。结论医学生中,睡眠不足和失眠较常见,睡眠卫生和睡眠拖延是影响睡眠时间和失眠的重要因素。

Objective To investigate the sleep duration and insomnia symptoms among medical students and analyze their influencing factors,aiming to provide a reference for improving their sleep quality.Methods A total of 576 medical students were selected from a school of medicine in Shanghai by convenience sampling.In March 2021 and May 2022,relevant data was collected on WJX.cn using the General Information Questionnaire,Insomnia Severity Index,Sleep Hygiene Index and Bedtime Procrastination Scale.Hierarchical regression analysis was performed on the collected data to test the predictive effects of sleep hygiene and bedtime procrastination on sleep duration and insomnia severity,after excluding the effects of potential confounding factors(age,gender,and statistically significant variables at P<0.20 in univariate analysis).Results The responders had a mean age of(21.6±3.0)years,and 67.0%were female;the mean sleep duration was(7.2±1.0)h,51.2%had insufficient sleep(less than 7 h),and 24.8%had insomnia.The hierarchical regression analysis showed that after excluding the effects of potential confounding factors,bedtime procrastination(β=-0.30,P<0.001)was a significant influencing factor of sleep duration;both bedtime procrastination(β=0.19,P<0.001)and sleep hygiene(β=0.28,P=0.001)were significant influencing factors of insomnia severity.Conclusion Insufficient sleep and insomnia are common among medical students.Sleep hygiene and bedtime procrastination are significant influencing factors of sleep duration and insomnia.