珍稀濒危药用植物贺兰山丁香资源概况、化学成分和药理作用研究进展

Research Progress on Resources Survey,Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Action of Endangered Mongolian Medicinal Plant Syringa pinnatifolia var.alaschanensis

目的:综述珍稀濒危药用植物贺兰山丁香的资源概况、用药沿革、化学成分以及药理作用研究进展,以期为其资源保护和可持续利用奠定基础。方法:借助爱如生基本古籍库、中国知网、SciFinder、GeenMedicial等中外文数据库,查阅贺兰山丁香的资源概况、用药沿革、化学成分以及药理作用相关文献资料,梳理归纳,并形成综述。结果:贺兰山丁香是羽叶丁香在贺兰山地区特有变种,是国家三级重点保护珍稀濒危植物,以粗枝和根入蒙药,蒙药名阿拉善-阿嘎如,又名山沉香,用于胸闷气短、心肌缺血等心肺疾病。山沉香富含挥发油类、木质素类、萜类化合物等成分,具有治疗心肌缺血、抗血小板凝集、抗氧化、镇静、镇痛、抗炎、抗菌等药理活性,常作为沉香替代品。结论:珍稀濒危药用植物贺兰山丁香入药历史悠久且疗效确切,亟待开展可持续利用研究。

Objective:The resource survey,historical evolution,chemical composition and pharmacological action of rare and threatened medicinal plant Syringa pinnatifolia var.alaschanensis were reviewed in this study,in order to provide a basis for its resource protection and sustainable utilization.Methods:By the aid of the Erudition's Basic Ancient Chinese Books Library,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,SciFinder,GeenMedicial and other Chinese and foreign databases,the resource survey,historical evolution,chemical composition and pharmacological action of S.pinnatifolia var.alaschanensis were combed and concluded.Results:S.pinnatifolia var.alaschanensis was a unique variety of pinnate lilac found in the Helan Mountain area.It was a rare and threatened national tertiary important protection plant.With thick branches and roots into Mongolian medicine,the Mongolian medicine was called Alashan Agaru.It was used for chest discomfort,shortness of breath,myocardial ischemia and other cardiopulmonary disease.S.pinnatifolia var.alaschanensis was rich in volatile oil,lignan,terpenoids and other compositions.It had pharmacological activities such as treatment of myocardial ischemia,anti-platelet aggregation,anti-oxidant,sedation,analgesia,anti-inflammatory,anti-bacterial and so on.It was often used as a substitute for agarwood.Conclusion:The rare and threatened Mongolian medicinal plant S.pinnatifolia var.alaschanensis had a long history medicinal application and definite therapeutic effect,which urgent needed to do development research on sustainable utilization.