露天矿山高陡边坡预裂爆破技术应用与实践

Application and Practice of Pre-splitting Blasting Technology for High-and-steep Slopes in Open-pit Mines

近年来因边坡失稳造成的露天矿山边坡坍塌事故时有发生,因此提高边坡施工质量保证边坡稳定性具有十分重要的意义,特别是设计为高陡边坡的露天矿山显得更加突出和重要。而在露天矿山边坡施工过程中因岩面裂隙、断层、倾角、走向的复杂性,需要根据揭露的实际岩土情况设计最佳预裂孔爆破参数以保证边坡的施工质量。青海鸿鑫矿业牛苦头铅锌矿区露天采剥工程地处高原高海拔,水文地质及岩土构造复杂,为高陡边坡设计,我们在施工实践中经过对预裂孔间距、孔径、装药方式、起爆方式等参数设计的反复优化和实践,最终得出了保障削坡质量的相关设计参数,目前预裂孔眼痕率高、削坡外形美观整齐。

In recent years,slope collapse accidents caused by slope instability in open pit mines have occurred from time to time.Therefore,it’s of great importance to improve the quality of slope construction and ensure slope stability,especially for open-pit mines designed with high and steep slopes.In the construction process of the slopes of open-pit mines,due to the complexity of rock face fissures,faults,dip angles,and strikes,it is necessary to design the optimal pre-splitting hole blasting parameters based on the actual exposed rock and soil conditions to ensure the construction quality of the slopes.The open-pit mining and stripping project in the Niukutou lead-zinc mining area of Qinghai Hongxin Mining Co.,Ltd is located at a high altitude on a plateau,with complex hydrogeological and geotechnical structures and it’s designed with high and steep slopes.After repeated optimization and practice of the design parameters such as pre-splitting hole spacing,hole diameter,charging method,detonation method,etc.,the relevant design parameters to guarantee the quality of slope cutting are finally obtained.Currently,the percentage borehole vestiges is high and the shape of cut slope is beautiful and neat.