肺结节定位方式研究进展

Research Progress on Localization of Pulmonary Nodules

随着低剂量螺旋CT的普及和CT分辨率的提高,肺结节尤其是较小的肺结节的检出率明显提高。罹患恶性肿瘤的风险随着肺结节的增大而增加,对此,临床常选择手术切除,而电视辅助胸腔镜手术(video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery,VATS)是首选的外科手术方式。肺结节精准定位是VATS成功的关键,也是当前胸外科医生面临的重要问题。目前,较为常用的定位手段有CT引导下经皮穿刺定位、支气管镜引导下定位、术中超声定位、增强现实和3D打印辅助定位等。该文综述近年肺结节定位方法的研究进展、优缺点等,以期为临床应用和后续发展提供借鉴。

With the widespread adoption of low-dose computed tomography(LDCT)and advancements in computed tomography image resolution,the detection rate of pulmonary nodules,especially smaller ones,has significantly improved.The risk of developing malignant tumors increases with the pulmonary nodule diameter.Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery(VATS)stands out as the preferred surgical method.The accurate localization of pulmonary nodules is crucial for the success of VATS and remains a significant challenge for thoracic surgeons.Currently,commonly employed localization methods include CT-guided percutaneous positioning,bronchoscope-guided positioning,intraoperative ultrasound positioning,augmented reality(AR),and 3D print-assisted positioning.This review explores recent research progress,highlights the strengths and weaknesses of various pulmonary nodule localization methods.The aim is to provide valuable insights for clinical applications and guide future developments in this field.