论居家养老服务中的政府担保责任

On the Government Guarantee Responsibilityin Home-based Elderly Care Services

政府主导、社会参与属于居家养老服务供给机制创新,实质在于对政府与社会主体间责任承担进行合理划分。政府将服务供给任务交由社会主体承担后,自身从服务生产者角色退出并转向担保者、监管者角色。政府责任就从过往进行直接供给的履行责任,转向了督促社会主体所提供服务合格的担保责任。政府担保责任具有坚实的制度基础、深厚的理论依据和有效的实践指导,其在性质上与民事担保责任存在显著差异,也呈现出对行政法属性的背离,从而具备了社会法属性。基于保障老年人权利和社会公益充分实现之目的,政府应担保居家养老服务价格可接受、供给不中断、市场竞争有序、质量符合标准、普惠均等实现。未来可通过完善法律制度体系、改进政府治理能力、健全监督管理形式等措施,来推动政府担保责任有序实现。

The innovation of the supply mechanism for home-based elderly care services,led by the government with social participation,essentially lies in the rational division of responsibilities between the government and social entities.After transferring the task of service provision to social entities,the government withdraws from the role of service producer and transitions to the roles of guarantor and regulator.After transferring the task of service provision to social entities,the government withdraws from the role of service producer and transitions to the roles of guarantor and regulator.The government guarantee liability has a solid institutional foundation,profound theoretical basis,and effective practical guidance.Its nature is significantly different from civil guarantee liability,and it also shows a deviation from administrative law attributes,thus possessing social law attributes.Based on the purpose of ensuring the rights of the elderly and fully realizing social welfare,the government should guarantee that the price of home-based elderly care services is affordable,the supply is uninterrupted,the market competition is orderly,the quality meets standards,and services are universally accessible.In the future,measures such as improving the legal system,enhancing governance capabilities,and improving supervision and management forms can be taken to promote the orderly implementation of government guarantee responsibilities.