2020—2022年安徽省猪圆环病毒2型和3型流行情况调查

Investigation on the Prevalence of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 and 3 in Anhui Province from 2020 to 2022

为了解安徽省猪圆环病毒病(PCVAD)流行情况,2020—2022年于安徽省13个定点监测点采集950份病原学样品和650份血清学样品,采用荧光PCR方法进行猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)和猪圆环病毒3型(PCV3)病原检测,采用间接ELISA方法进行PCV2抗体检测。结果显示:安徽省PCV2抗体阳性率逐年升高,大型养殖场的抗体阳性率显著高于中、小型养殖场(P<0.05);PCV2病原阳性率呈下降趋势,PCV3呈上升趋势,且同一年份的PCV2病原阳性率均显著高于PCV3(P<0.05);屠宰场的PCV2和PCV3病原阳性率均显著高于养殖场(P<0.05);大型养殖场的PCV2和PCV3病原阳性率均显著高于小型养殖场(P<0.05)。结果表明:安徽省PCVAD防控取得一定成效,但是PCV2仍存在广泛感染,PCV3愈加流行,屠宰场和大型养殖场感染风险高。建议持续做好PCV2免疫工作,加强屠宰场的风险监测及大型养殖场的饲养管理和生物安全管理,严防PCV2和PCV3在养殖和屠宰环节流通传播。

In order to investigate the prevalence of porcine circovirus associated disease(PCVAD)in Anhui Province,950 etiological samples and 650 serological samples were collected from 13 fixed sites under monitoring in Anhui Province from 2020 to 2022 to detect pathogens of porcine circovirus type 2(PCV2)and type 3(PCV3)by real time PCR,as well as the antibodies against PCV2 by indirect ELISA.The results showed that the positive rate of PCV2 antibodies increased year by year,and was obviously higher in large farms compared with medium and small farms(P<0.05),the positive rate of PCV2 pathogens was decreasing,but that of PCV3 pathogens was increasing,and the former was significantly higher than the latter in the same year(P<0.05);both of the positive rates of PCV2 and PCV3 pathogens were higher in slaughterhouses compared with farms(P<0.05),and higher in large farms compared with small farms(P<0.05).In conclusion,some good results had been achieved in PCVAD prevention and control in Anhui Province,but PCV2 was still wildly spreading,and PCV3 outbreak was increasing,posing a high infection risk to slaughterhouses and large farms.Therefore,vaccination against PCV2 should be further implemented,risk monitoring in slaughterhouses and management of the feeding and biosafety of large farms should be improved to strictly prevent any circulation and transmission of PCV2 and PCV3 in the breeding and slaughtering processes.