深化收入分配制度改革研究

Deepen research on the reform of the income distribution system

完善收入分配制度是扎实推进共同富裕的基础,是解决收入分配不平衡不充分的重要举措,更是推进我国经济高质量发展的重要手段。我国收入分配具有劳动报酬占比下降,居民收入在国民收入分配中的比重偏低,再分配对居民收入改善有限,以及第三次分配发展滞后等特征。形成当前收入分配格局的原因,既有推动工业化发展带来的结构性因素,又有要素市场化不完善的制度性因素,还有财政支撑作用有限导致的政策性因素,以及人口结构变化引起的趋势性因素等。为扎实推进共同富裕、实现高质量发展,要在保持经济合理增速的基础上,加快推进收入分配制度改革,切实提高劳动报酬以及居民部门在国民收入中的比重,发挥好财政对再分配的调节作用,激发企业、个人和社会组织参与慈善事业的积极性。

Improving the income distribution system is the foundation for solidly promoting common prosperity,an important measure to solve imbalances and insufficiencies,and an important means to promote high-quality development.China’s income distribution is characterized by a decline in the proportion of labor remuneration,a low proportion of residents’income in the national income distribution,a limited improvement in residents’income by redistribution,and a lag in the development of the third distribution.The reasons for the formation of the current income distribution pattern include not only the structural factors brought about by the development of industrialization,but also the institutional factors of imperfect marketization of factors,the policy factors caused by the limited role of financial support,and the trend factors caused by demographic changes.In order to solidly promote common prosperity and achieve high-quality development,on the basis of maintaining a reasonable economic growth rate,it is necessary to accelerate the reform of the income distribution system,earnestly increase labor remuneration and the proportion of the resident sector in national income,give full play to the regulating role of finance in redistribution,and stimulate the enthusiasm of enterprises,individuals and social organizations to participate in philanthropy.