月球及火星熔洞密封技术发展及其方案可行性研究

Prospect and Feasibility of Lunar and Martian Lava Tube Sealing Technology

月球及火星等地外天体上的熔洞具有抗辐射性、抗陨石撞击、防月/火尘和隔热保温性好等优点,利用熔洞建立居住基地是未来人类在地外天体长时间驻留的可选方案之一。文章探讨了熔洞基地建设中最基本的技术问题之一——熔洞密封技术方案的可行性;讨论了空间密封结构和快速检漏技术;提出了两种熔洞密封方案——基于独立柔性气腔的密封结构方案和基于熔洞内表面涂层处理的密封方案;提炼出了需要解决的关键技术问题,并对密封技术的未来发展趋势进行展望;给出本领域研究的发展建议,为未来深空探测和地外天体的基地建设提供技术支撑。

The lava tubes on the Moon,Mars,and other extraterrestrial bodies have the advantages of radiation resistance,meteorite impact resistance,lunar/Martian dust protection,and great thermal insulation.Constructing a habitat base in the lunar or Martian lava tube is one of the feasible options for humans to stay in extraterrestrial bodies for a long time in the future.This paper investigates the feasibility of the lava tube sealing technology,which is one of the most basic technical problems in the construction of lava bases.The space seal structures and the rapid leak detection technique are discussed.Two lava tube sealing schemes are proposed.One is based on the independent and flexible gasbag,and the other is based on the coating treatment for the inner lava tube surface.The key technical problems that need to be solved are described.The development trend of the sealing technology is discussed,and future research in this field is suggested.This study will provide technical support the future deep space exploration and base construction in extraterrestrial objects.