摘要
植物与传粉者相互作用的时空变化驱动了被子植物花的进化并塑造了花的多样性。然而,植物与传粉者在同一种群不同花期中的相互作用是否驱动种内花性状分化尚不清楚。本研究旨在量化虫媒植物锡金报春(Primula sikkimensis)两个自然居群的花性状在不同花期间受到传粉者选择的变化。研究结果显示,早花期植株相比晚花期植株更矮,开花数目更少但花尺寸更大;早花期传粉者类型较少且访花频率较低,导致雌性适合度较小。传粉者对花性状的选择随开花时间的变化而变化,早花期有更多的花性状接受到传粉者的选择。这些结果表明,植物与传粉者相互作用的时间变化可能在种群内花形态多样化方面发挥潜在作用。
Spatiotemporal variations in plant–pollinator interactions drive floral evolution and shape the diversity of flowers in angiosperms.However,the potential role of plant–pollinator interactions in driving floral differentiation across flowering times within a population has not been documented.In this study,we aimed to quantify the variations in pollinator-mediated selection of floral traits across different flowering times of Primula sikkimensis(an entomophilous plant)in two natural populations.The results demonstrated that plants were shorter and produced fewer flowers with larger sizes in the early flowering time than in the late flowering time.In early flowering time,pollinator types were fewer and visitation frequency was lower than in late flowering time,resulting in lower female fitness.Pollinator-mediated selection of floral traits varied with flowering time,and more floral traits received pollinator-mediated selection during early flowering time.These results highlight that temporal variation in plant–pollinator interactions may have a potential role in driving floral diversification within the population.
基金
supported by the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China and Yunnan Provincial Government (U1202261)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32270244)
Yunnan Provincial Department of Education Research Fund (2023Y0213).
