概念、语义与用途:从三个维度诠释类义词典研究

Concept,Semantics and Usage:Interpretation of Thesaurus Research in three Aspects

类义词典源于许多词典对词语不作词义阐释,而以近义词替代的方法进行编纂,主要探讨词汇的类义关系。词汇是一个丰富却不杂乱的体系,有其自己可类聚的系统性。词与词之间有多种联系,汇集形成不同的聚合体。类义词典就是词汇系统中的一种根据物类上的意义关系及相关特征形成的庞大词语集合。本文旨在探讨类义词典的术语内涵、语义关系类型,结合俄、汉语中类义关系的划分标准,研究类义词典在科学词汇加工、核心词汇体系建构、语言词汇教学方面的应用。通过对类义词典词汇系统的理论考察和具体的语义分析,来发掘类义词典的语言学价值、其分布和聚合特点,挖掘其在词汇描写中的巨大作用。

Thesaurus is derived from many dictionaries,which do not explain the meaning of words,but compile them with the method of replacing synonyms.Thesaurus mainly discusses the thesaurus relations of words.Vocabulary is a rich but uncluttered system,with its own coherent system.There are many kinds of connections between words that come together to form different aggregates.A thesaurus is a huge collection of words formed according to the meaning relations and related features of objects in the vocabulary system.The purpose of this paper is to explore the term connotation and semantic relation types of thesaurus,and to study the application of thesaurus in scientific vocabulary processing,core vocabulary system construction and language vocabulary teaching in combination with the classification criteria of thesaurus in Russian and Chinese.This paper explores the linguistic value of thesaurus,its distribution and aggregation characteristics,and its great role in the description of vocabulary through the theoretical investigation and specific semantic analysis of thesaurus lexical system.