浙江某职高学生人际关系、自我评价及生活方式描述性研究

Descriptive study on interpersonal relationship,self-evaluation and lifestyle of students from a vocational high school in Zhejiang Province

目的了解职高学生人际关系、自我评价及生活方式特征,为开展针对性的干预措施提供科学依据。方法2021年在浙江省中部某区一所职业高中1~2年级学生开展自答式问卷调查,调查问卷包括一般人口统计学特征、生活方式和自我评价特征、性病艾滋病知识、性行为、性教育和性病艾滋病预防教育五个部分。结果1960名学生参加调查,69.39%的与家庭成员关系融洽,50.56%与老师的关系融洽,58.83%与同学的关系融洽。25.00%的学生认为自己学习成绩优良,55.20%的认为自己有很多优点。88.11%的认为通过自己的努力,可以实现自己的人生目标和理想。9.39%的学生报告有时吸烟,2.50%的经常吸烟。49.23%的报告有时饮酒,2.19%的经常饮酒。94.80%的学生报告上过网,其中,70.67%的报告他们上网的时间经常比原定时间的要长,每天上网时间大于3 h的达57.54%。59.38%的男生、38.33%的女生接触过黄色信息;首次接触黄色信息的年龄≤13岁、14~15岁、≥16岁占比分别为35.21%、42.44%、22.35%。8.50%的男生、4.23%的女生发生过性行为。结论多数职高学生与家庭关系融洽,自我评价除成绩外,对自己的优点及通过努力实现人生目标持积极态度。职高学生较高比例的吸烟饮酒、网络成瘾、高比例的黄色信息暴露、较小年龄暴露于黄色信息以及较高的性行为发生比例需引起关注并对此采取针对性的干预措施。

Objective To investigate the characteristics of interpersonal relationship,self-evaluation and lifestyle among vocational high school students,and to provide a scientific basis for implementing targeted interventions.Methods A self-answer questionnaire survey was carried out among students from grades I and II of a vocational high school in a district in the central part of Zhejiang Province in 2021,and the questionnaire contents included general demographic characteristics,lifestyle and self-characteristics,STD/AIDS knowledge,sexual behavior,sex education and STD/AIDS prevention education.Results A total of 1,960 students participated in the survey,69.39%of them reported harmonious relationship with family members,50.56%with teachers and 58.83%with classmates.25.00%considered themselves to have excellent academic performance and 55.20%to have many advantages.88.11%believed that they could achieve their goals and ideals in life through their own efforts.9.39%reported occasional smoking and 2.50%regular smoking.49.23%reported occasional alcohol consumption and 2.19%regular alcohol consumption.94.80%reported online access,among which 70.67%reported that they often spent more time online than scheduled time,and 57.54%spent more than 3 hours a day online.59.38%of boys and 38.33%of girls were ever exposed to pornographic information.As for the age of first exposure to pornographic information,the proportions of students aged≤13 years,14-15 years and≥16 years were 35.21%,42.44%and 22.35%respectively.8.50%of boys and 4.23%of girls had initiated sex.Conclusion Most vocational high school students have a harmonious relationship with their families,and think they have many advantages and are able to achieve their goals through their own efforts except for academic performance.Attention should be paid to high proportions of smoking,drinking,Internet addiction,exposure to pornographic information,exposure to pornographic information at a younger age and sexual initiation among the vocational high school students,and targeted interventions should be conducted.