玉米蛋白粉替代豆粕对肉牛生长性能、氮代谢及屠宰性能的影响

Effect of corn gluten meal replacing soybean meal on growth performance,nitrogen metabolism,and slaughtering performance of beef cattle

文章旨在研究玉米蛋白粉(Corn Gluten Meal,CGM)替代豆粕对肉牛生长性能、氮代谢及屠宰性能的影响。试验将96头健康、370 kg左右的西门塔尔肉牛随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复8头。CON组根据肉牛饲养标准(NY/T 815-2004)配制全混合日粮,其余3组在全混合日粮中分别添加2.5%(CGML组)、5.0%(CGMM组)、7.5%(CGMH组)的玉米蛋白粉(等氮替代豆粕),试验为期80 d。结果表明:(1)与CON组相比,CGMH组肉牛的末重、平均日增重显著降低(P<0.05),料重比显著提高(P<0.05)。4组中CGML组肉牛的末重、平均日增重最高,料重比最低。(2)与CON组相比,CGMM组、CGMH组肉牛的沉积氮、氮利用率显著降低(P<0.05),CGML组肉牛的沉积氮、氮利用率高于CON组,但无显著差异(P>0.05)。(3)与CON组相比,CGMH组肉牛的宰前活重、胴体重、净肉重均显著降低(P<0.05)。4组中CGML组肉牛的宰前活重、胴体重、净肉重最高。结论:综合各项指标,在不考虑饲料成本的情况下,肉牛全混合日粮中玉米蛋白粉的适宜添加水平为2.5%。

This experiment aims to investigate the effects of corn gluten meal(CGM)replacing soybean meal on the growth performance,nitrogen metabolism,and slaughter performance of beef cattle.96 healthy and disease-free Simmental beef cattle weighing around 370 kg were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups,with 3 replicates in each group and 8 cows in each replicate.The CON group was fed a full mixed diet according to the beef cattle feeding standards(NY/T 815-2004),and the other three groups were added with 2.5%(CGML group),5.0%(CGMM group),and 7.5%(CGMH group)of corn gluten meal(nitrogen replacement soybean meal)to the full mixed diet,respectively.The experiment lasted for 80 days.The results showed that:(1)Compared with the CON group,the CGMH group significantly reduced the final weight and average daily gain of beef cattle(P<0.05),while the feed to weight ratio significantly increased(P<0.05).Among the four groups,the CGML group had the highest final weight and average daily gain,while the feed to weight ratio was the lowest.(2)Compared with the CON group,the CGMM and CGMH groups significantly reduced the deposition nitrogen and nitrogen utilization efficiency of beef cattle(P<0.05),while the CGML group had higher deposition nitrogen and nitrogen utilization efficiency than the CON group,but there was no significant difference(P>0.05).(3)Compared with the CON group,the live weight before slaughter,carcass weight,and net meat weight of CGMH group beef cattle were significantly reduced(P<0.05).Among the four groups,the CGML group had the highest live weight,carcass weight,and net meat weight before slaughter.Conclusion:Based on various indicators,without considering feed costs,the appropriate level of corn gluten meal addition in beef cattle’s total mixed diet is 2.5%.