红薯秧替代玉米青贮对奶牛生产性能、乳品质和养分表观消化率的影响

The effect of sweet potato seedlings replacing corn silage on the production performance,milk quality,and nutrient apparent digestibility of dairy cows

本研究旨在探究红薯秧替代玉米青贮对奶牛生产性能、乳品质和养分表观消化率的影响。试验将健康状况良好、产奶量相似、泌乳天数和胎次相近的80头荷斯坦奶牛随机分为4组,每组20头。对照组粗饲料为全株玉米青贮,试验组分别使用15%、30%和45%的红薯秧替代全株玉米青贮为试验饲料,试验共计130 d(其中预饲期10 d,正试期120 d)。试验结果表明,与对照组相比,使用45%的红薯秧替代全株玉米青贮可显著降低奶牛5.5%的干物质采食量(P<0.05);使用45%的红薯秧替代全株玉米青贮可显著提高奶牛5.6%的饲料转化率(P<0.05);此外,使用红薯秧替代玉米青贮对奶牛产奶量无显著影响(P>0.05)。使用30%和45%的红薯秧替代玉米青贮可显著提高奶牛的乳脂产量和乳蛋白产量(P<0.05);此外,使用红薯秧替代玉米青贮对奶牛乳脂率、乳蛋白率、乳糖率、固形物含量和乳糖含量均无显著影响(P>0.05)。使用15%~45%的红薯秧替代玉米青贮可显著提高奶牛的粗蛋白表观消化率(P<0.05);使用30%~45%的红薯秧替代玉米青贮可显著提高奶牛的酸性洗涤纤维表观消化率(P<0.05);此外,使用红薯秧替代玉米青贮对奶牛粗脂肪、中性洗涤纤维、钙和磷的表观消化率均无显著影响。总之,在本试验条件下,红薯秧最适替代量为45%。

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of sweet potato seedlings replacing corn silage on the production performance,milk quality,and nutrient apparent digestibility of dairy cows.80 Holstein cows with good health,similar milk production,similar lactation days and parity were randomly divided into 4 groups,with 20 cows in each group.The control group received whole plant corn silage as the crude feed,while the treated group used 15%,30%,and 45%sweet potato seedlings instead of whole plant corn silage as the experimental feed.The experiment lasted for a total of 130 days(including 10 days of pre trial and 120 days of trial).The experimental results showed that compared with the control group,using 45%sweet potato seedlings instead of whole plant corn silage significantly reduced the dry matter intake of cows by 5.5%(P<0.05);Replacing whole plant corn silage with 45%sweet potato seedlings significantly increased the feed conversion rate of dairy cows by 5.6%(P<0.05);In addition,using sweet potato seedlings instead of corn silage had no significant effect on milk production in dairy cows(P>0.05).Replacing corn silage with 30%and 45%sweet potato seedlings significantly increased milk fat and milk protein production in dairy cows(P<0.05);In addition,the use of sweet potato seedlings instead of corn silage did not significantly affect the milk fat percentage,milk protein percentage,lactose percentage,solid content,and lactose content of dairy cows(P>0.05).Using 15%~45%sweet potato seedlings instead of corn silage significantly improved the apparent digestibility of crude protein in dairy cows(P<0.05);The use of 30%~45%sweet potato seedlings instead of corn silage significantly improved the apparent digestibility of acidic washing fibers in dairy cows(P<0.05);In addition,using sweet potato seedlings instead of corn silage did not significantly affect the apparent digestibility of crude fat,neutral detergent fiber,calcium,and phosphorus in dairy cows.In summary,under the conditions of this experiment,the optimal substitution amount for sweet potato seedlings is 45%.