发酵酒糟对西威牛血液、分泌型免疫球蛋白A和肠道黏膜相关菌群的影响

Impact of fermented distiller's grains on immunity in the blood,secretory immunoglobulin A and and mucosa-associated bacterial communityin the intestine of Xiwei cattle

为研究发酵酒糟对西威牛免疫指标、炎症指标以及十二指肠细菌群落的影响,试验将18头西威公牛随机分为3组,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验1、2组分别添加15%、30%发酵酒糟,预试期15 d,正试期90 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,试验1组免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、分泌型免疫球蛋白A(SIgA)、Muribaculaceae分别显著提高了18.83%、27.99%、25.77%(P<0.05),试验1组疣微菌科UCG-010极显著降低了10.43%(P<0.01),试验2组白介素2、白介素4、白介素6、CD8、免疫球蛋白A、变形菌门、放线菌门、纤维杆菌门、疣微菌门和Muribaculaceae分别显著提高了22.22%、17.43%、19.31%、11.91%、18.91%、31.64%、41.5%、50%、42.86%和25.41%(P<0.05),试验2组瘤胃菌科显著降低了27.17%(P<0.05),试验2组CD4分子、IgG、SIgA和毛螺菌科分别极显著提高了14.53%、24.89%、38.52%和50%(P<0.01),试验2组疣微菌科UCG-010极显著降低24.51%(P<0.01)。与试验1组相比,试验2组CD4分子、毛螺菌科分别显著提高了6.01%、21.36%(P<0.05),试验2组普雷沃氏菌科显著降低了29.20%(P<0.05),试验2组疣微菌科UCG-010极显著降低了12.75%(P<0.01)。由此可见,饲粮添加30%发酵酒糟可提高西威牛的免疫力、降低炎症反应、改善十二指肠菌群,效果优于添加15%发酵酒糟。

In order to study the effects of fermented distiller's grains on immune index,inflammatory index and duodenal bacterial community of Xiwei cattle,18 Xiwei cattle were randomly divided into 3 experimental groups.The control group was fed with basic diet,and 15%and 30%fermented distiller's grains were added to group 1 and group 2 respectively.The pre-trial period was 15 days,and the formal trial period was 90 days.The results showed that compared with the control group,the IgG,SIgA and muribaculaceae in group 1 increased significantly by 18.83%,27.99%and 25.77%respectively(P<0.05);The proportion of Ruminococcaceae UCG-010 in group 1 decreased extremely significant by 10.43%(P<0.01).The IL-2,IL-4,IL-6,CD8,IgA,Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria,Fibrobacterales,Verrucomicrobia and Muribaculaceae in group 2 increased significantly by 22.22%,17.43%,19.31%,11.91%,18.91%,31.64%,41.5%,50%,42.86%and 25.41%respectively(P<0.05).The Ruminococcaceae in group 2 decreased significantly by 27.17%((P<0.05).The CD4,IgG,SIgA and Lachnospiraceae in group 2 increased extremely significant by 14.53%,24.89%,38.52%and 50%respectively(P<0.01).The proportion of Ruminococcaceae UCG-010 in group 2 decreased extremely significant by 24.51%(P<0.01).Compared with group 1,the CD4 and Lachnospiraceae in group 2 significantly increased by 6.01%,21.36%respectively(P<0.05).The Prevotellaceae in group 2 significantly decreased by 29.20%(P<0.05).The Ruminococcaceae UCG-010 in group 2 extremely significant decreased by 12.75%(P<0.01).It could be seen that the addition of 30%fermented distiller's grains to the diet could improve the immunity of Xiwei cattle,reduce the inflammatory reaction,and improve the duodenal flora,which was better than adding 15%fermented distiller's grains.