“做数据”:数字劳动秩序的数据化建构——基于Y直播间销售劳动的案例研究

“Making Data”:The Digital Construction of Labor Order—A case study of sales labor in Y live streaming rooms

数字技术不仅对社会结构变迁产生了深远影响,而且已成为社会结构的一部分。劳动是社会实践的典型形态,是分析数字社会结构与秩序的重要领域。本文依据结构化理论,设计了案例研究的程序,设计了基于配置性资源与权威性资源的分析框架,对D平台Y直播间的销售劳动展开了实证研究;通过展现直播销售员在“做数据”过程中面临的数据环境以及个体应势而生的系统意识和劳动策略,挖掘出了平台数据所具有的资源配置与工具权威双重属性,以及这两种形态的数据参与塑造数字劳动的实践过程。在此基础上,研究揭示了数据劳动的基本逻辑,阐释了数字劳动秩序如何形成、劳动者如何在平台权力下发挥主观能动性这两个相辅相生的问题。

Digital technology has not only profoundly influenced the transformation of social structures but has also become an integral part of these structures.Labor represents a typical form of social practice and is a crucial area for analyzing the structure and order of digital societies.Under the guidance of Structuration Theory,a case study methodology was designed,incorporating an analytical framework based on allocative and authoritative resources.This framework was applied to an empirical study of sales labor in the live streaming rooms on Platform D.By showcasing the data environment faced by live salespersons during the"data-making"process,as well as the emergence of systemic awareness and labor strategies in response to this environment,the study uncovers the dual attributes of platform data as both a resource allocation mechanism and a tool of authority.Furthermore,it explores how these two forms of data participate in shaping the practice of digital labor.Building on this,the research reveals the fundamental logic of data labor and elucidates how the order of digital labor is formed and how laborers exert their agency under the power of platforms,addressing two interrelated questions.