输水建筑物表面淡水壳菜防护涂层研发及适用性分析

Development and applicability analysis of protective coatings of Limnoperna fortunei on thesurface of water conveyance buildings

淡水壳菜附着在输水建筑物壁面会导致输水结构混凝土性能劣化、糙率增加等诸多严重问题,然而当前尚缺乏切实有效的防治对策。针对输水建筑物中淡水壳菜防治难题,研发了一种无毒新型淡水壳菜防护涂层,通过试验手段表征了涂层微结构、表面能、力学性能等;研究了淡水壳菜活体在涂层表面的行为特性,对比了研发涂层与6种现存涂层表面淡水壳菜的平均附着率和平均垂向分离力,深入分析了淡水壳菜在现存涂层表面的附着机理及研发涂层的防附着机理。结果表明:与6类无毒现存涂层中防附着效果较好的硅橡胶涂层相比,本文所研发涂层淡水壳菜平均附着率、平均垂向分离力分别下降58.33%,46.67%;与混凝土表面相比,涂层表面淡水壳菜平均附着率、平均垂向分离力分别下降80.26%,91.11%。研发涂层同时具备“低表面能”“微结构”“弹性”“低污损脱除参量”特点,污损脱除参数优于同类涂层。本研究可为输水建筑物中淡水壳菜防护涂层选择与性能分析提供参考,对淡水壳菜防治提供一种新路径。

The fact that Limnoperna fortunei adhere to the walls of water conveyance structures will lead to many serious problems,such as deterioration of concrete performance and an increase in roughness.However,there is still a lack of practical and effective prevention and control measures.A non-toxic,novel protective coating has been developed to address the challenges in controlling Limnoperna fortunei in water conveyance structures.The microstructure,surface energy,and mechanical properties of the coating were characterized through experimental methods.We studied the behavioral characteristics of Limnoperna fortunei on the surface of coatings,comparing the average adhesion rate and average vertical separation force between the developed coating and six existing coating surfaces.We also deeply analyzed the adhesion mechanism of it on the existing coating surface and the anti-adhesion mechanism of the developed coating.The results showed that,compared with the silicone rubber coating,which had the best anti-adhesion effect among the six non-toxic existing coatings,the coating developed in this paper exhibited a decrease in both the average adhesion rate and average vertical separation force of Limnoperna fortunei on the coating surface by 58.33%and 46.67%,respectively.Compared with the concrete surface,the average adhesion rate and average vertical separation force decreased by 80.26%and 91.11%,respectively.The developed coating has the characteristics of“low surface energy”,“microstructure”,“elasticity”,and“low pollution removal parameters”,and its pollution removal parameters are superior to similar coatings.This study can provide a reference for the selection and performance analysis of protective coatings for Limnoperna fortunei in water conveyance structures.In addition,it provides a new path for the prevention and control of Limnoperna fortunei.