云冈石窟辖区地表水、地下水中阴离子含量检测及变化规律

Detection and Variation Patterns of Anion Content in SurfaceWater and Groundwater in Yungang Grottoes Area

石质文物佛像表面的凝结水甚至水汽,在和岩石之间发生相互作用后就会形成风化等破坏现象,水中阴离子的含量是影响文物风化程度的重要因素。运用高压离子色谱法检测了云冈石窟辖区地表水、地下水采样点水样的阴离子含量。选用戴安IonPac AS14型阴离子分离柱(4×250 mm)进行分离,以3.5 mmol·L^(-1)Na_(2)CO_(3)和1.0 mmol·L^(-1)NaHCO_(3)混合溶液进行淋洗,流速1.2 mL·min^(-1),柱温30℃,检测云冈石窟辖区地下水、地表水中4种无机阴离子F^(-)、Cl^(-)、NO_(3)^(-)、SO_(4)^(2-)含量。按照国标的检测方法,实测水样中4种阴离子的峰面积与浓度均具有良好的线性关系,相关系数r均大于0.9990,精密度在0.31%~1.68%之间,并对2023年5月与2020年5月测定的四组水样、2023年2月与2023年5月测定的一组水样中阴离子含量显著性差异进行了分析。为云冈石窟保护和科学管理提供了数据支持。

The condensed water and even water vapor on the surface of the Buddha statues of stone cultural relics will form weathering and other damage phenomena after interaction with rocks.The content of anions in water is an important factor affecting the degree of weathering of cultural relics.Using the high-pressure ion-chromatography method,the anion content of surface water and groundwater sampling points in Yungang Grottoes was detected.An IonPac AS14 anion separation column(4×250 mm)was used for separation,and the mixed solution of 3.5 mmol·L^(-1)Na_(2)CO_(3)and 1.0 mmol·L^(-1)NaHCO_(3)was used for elution.The flow rate was 1.2 mL·min-1 and the column temperature was 30°C.The contents of four inorganic anions F^(-),Cl^(-),NO_(3)^(-)and SO_(4)^(2-)in groundwater and surface water in Yungang Grottoes area were detected.According to the national standard detection method,the peak area and concentration of the four anions in the measured water samples have a good linear relationship,the correlation coefficient r is greater than 0.9990,and the precision is between 0.31%and 1.68%.The significant differences in anion content in four groups of water samples measured in May 2023 and May 2020 and one group of water samples measured in February 2023 and May 2023 were analyzed.It provides basic data support for the protection and scientific management of Yungang Grottoes.