三明三元区城市绿地外来入侵植物调查研究

Investigation and Research on Exotic Invasive Plants in Urban Green Spaces in Sanyuan District,Sanming

采用踏查和样方法结合,于2023年4—8月对三明三元区城市绿地中的外来入侵物种进行调查,分析入侵植物的科、属数量级别。结果发现,有外来入侵植物共72种,隶属28科57属;外来入侵植物中菊科数量最多,其次是苋科和大戟科。单种科在科、属的水平上集中分布,较大科有1科,在种的水平上分布了18种,占比高达25.00%,种对于科的分布存在相对集聚现象;科、属区系分布以热带分布占据优势,其中泛热带分布优势更大;外来入侵植物入侵级别为Ⅰ~Ⅴ。相对丰度最大的物种是小蓬草、银合欢,分别为20.81%、10.35%,2物种入侵强度也较高。由于入侵物种可能会对当地的生态平衡和物种多样性造成破坏和影响,因此要采取相应的管理措施控制入侵物种的扩散和影响。

Using a combination of field surveys and sampling methods,an investigation of exotic invasive species in urban green spaces in Sanyuan District,Sanming,was conducted from April to August 2023.The analysis focused on the taxonomic levels of the invasive plants.The results showed 72 species of exotic invasive plants belonging to 28 families and 57 genera.The Asteraceae family had the highest number of species among the exotic invasive plants,followed by the Amaranthaceae and Euphorbiaceae families.Individual families were concentrated at the genus level,with one family having 18 species,accounting for as much as 25.00%,suggesting a relative aggregation of species at the family level.The distribution of the flora in terms of families and genera predominantly favored tropical distribution,with a significant advantage for pantropical distribution.The invasive plants were classified into levels I to V.The most relatively abundant species were Erigeron canadensis and Leucaena leucocephala,accounting for 20.81%and 10.35%,respectively;both species exhibited high invasion intensities.As invasive species may disrupt and impact local ecological balance and species diversity,corresponding management measures need to be implemented to control the spread and impact of invasive species.