基于IAD模型的自然保护地社区治理的居民参与意愿研究——以普者黑仙人洞村为例

Study on Residents′Willingness to Participate in Community Governance of Nature Reserves Based on the IAD Model——Take Xianrendong Village in Puzhehei as an Example

基于奥斯特罗姆的IAD模型,运用有序多分类Logistic回归模型对普者黑仙人洞村居民参与自然保护地社区治理的意愿程度及影响因素进行分析,探寻社群属性、资源禀赋、行动者及行动情境等对居民参与治理的意愿影响。结果表明:居民受教育程度、民族、居民身份和家庭年收入等因素对参与意愿存在显著正向影响;居民对制度环境、治理行动和治理目的满意程度与实行意愿是导致行为主体选择差异的主要因素;彝族撒尼人传统文化在培养原居住居民形成顺应及保护自然思想意识的同时,参与意愿选择还受收益获取诉求的影响。社区治理应兼顾保护地社区居民的意愿选择与利益诉求,建立健全利益共享及相应分配机制,积极探寻因地制宜的治理方式与制度体系,寻求多元主体协同参与的自然保护地社区治理模式。

Based on Ostrom′s IAD model,an ordered multiclass Logistic regression model was used to analyze the willingness of residents in Puzhehei Xianrendong Village to participate in the community governance of nature reserves and the influencing factors,aimed to explore the impact of community attributes,resource endowment,actors,and action situations on residents′willingness to participate in governance.The results show that factors such as residents′education level,ethnicity,resident status,and annual household income have a significant positive effect on their willingness to participate;residents′satisfaction with the institutional environment,governance actions and governance purposes,and their willingness to implement them are the main factors leading to the differences in the choices of the main actors;the traditional cultural knowledge of the Sani people of the Yi tribe has prompted the local residents to form the ideology of conforming to and protecting nature.At the same time,the residents′willingness to make choices has been deeply affected by the demand for obtaining benefits.Community governance should respect the wishes and interests of the residents of protected areas,establish a sound mechanism for sharing and distributing benefits,actively explore locally adapted governance methods and systems,and seek a new community governance model for protected areas with the concerted participation of multiple subjects.