清代贵州集市发展面临的问题与社会应对

Problems and Countermeasures in the Development of Guizhou Market in Qing Dynasty

集市是乡民交易产品、获取生活资料和生产资料的商业性区域。清代贵州商品经济得到发展,集市贸易日趋活跃,由此产生了集市人口流动复杂、场所秩序混乱、经济纠纷屡现、集市税收繁重等问题。官方和民间均有应对,但官方政府在很大程度上也难以全面应对,往往也会倾向于民间力量来调解纠纷,士绅组织团练、商人自发形成行帮,一定程度上弥补了官方应对的不足。

The market is a commercial area where villagers trade products and obtain means of living and production.With the development of commodity economy in Guizhou in Qing dynasty,the market trade became more and more active,resulting in a large flow of people and complex personnel,place disorder,economic disputes and other problems.Both the government and the people responded,but the official government,to a large extent,could not fully respond,and would often turn to the people to mediate disputes.The gentry organized league training and the businessmen spontaneously formed trade groups to make up for the lack of official response to a certain extent.